摘要
为了提高蔬菜育苗流水线育苗盘转运效率,针对人工取盘叠放存在的劳动强度大和整齐度偏低的问题,设计了一款针对蔬菜漂浮育苗的多适应性自动叠盘装置。该装置由机架、育苗盘输送机构、育苗盘叠盘机构和控制系统组成,装置以200Smart PLC为控制核心,利用主副传送带实现育苗盘的输送,并结合光电传感器实现育苗盘的定位,可以完成不同尺寸泡沫育苗盘的自动叠盘,设计的水平调节单元和减振单元可实现育苗盘在叠盘机构上的水平位置调节并降低叠盘过程的振动冲击。试验结果表明,育苗流水线播种环节在生产率450盘/h下,自动叠盘装置在减振弹簧线径为1.5 mm、主副传送带速度差为0.1 m/s以及电缸升降速度为0.13 m/s时,200孔穴育苗盘叠盘效果最佳,叠盘成功率为100%,叠盘错位差方差为2.32 mm^(2),同时振动检测试验中育苗盘X轴、Y轴、Z轴方向的振幅均未超过0.8 mm,更换135、160孔穴的泡沫育苗盘进行试验,叠盘成功率均为100%,叠盘错位差方差分别为3.94 mm^(2)和5.98 mm^(2),说明该装置满足多适应性的要求。在此最优作业参数下,将育苗流水线播种环节生产率提升至900盘/h时,育苗盘最大振幅为0.709 mm,振幅无明显变化,说明该装置作业稳定性较好。该研究结果可为播种流水线叠盘装置提高叠盘效果和降低叠盘振动等研究提供参考。
In order to improve the transfer efficiency of seedling tray in vegetable seedling raising line,and aiming at the problems of high labor intensity and low uniformity that exist in manual tray stacking,a multi-adaptive automatic tray stacking device for vegetable floating seedling was designed.The device was composed of frame,seedling tray conveying mechanism,tray stacking mechanism and the control system.The device took 200Smart PLC as the control core,and used the main and auxiliary conveyor belts to realize the transportation of the seedling trays,and combined the photoelectric sensor to realize the positioning of the seedling trays,which can complete the automatic stacking of foam seedling trays of different sizes,and the designed horizontal adjustment mechanism and vibration reduction mechanism can achieve the horizontal position adjustment of the seedling trays on the stacking mechanism and reduce the vibration impact of the stacking process.The test results showed that under the production rate of 450 plates/h of seedling line,the best effect of automatic stacking device was achieved when the wire diameter of the damping spring was 1.5mm,the speed gap between the main and auxiliary conveyor belts was 0.1m/s and the rising and falling speed of the electric cylinder was 0.13m/s for tray of 200 holes,and the success rate of tray stacking was 100%,and the deviation variance of tray stacking uniformity was 2.32mm^(2).At the same time,the amplitudes of X axis,Y axis and Z axis of the seedling trays did not exceed 0.8mm in the vibration detection test.And when 135 holes and 160 holes of foam seedling trays were replaced in the test,the success rate of stacking were 100%,and the deviation variance of tray stacking uniformity were 3.94mm^(2) and 5.98mm^(2),which showed that the device met the requirements of multi-adaptability.Under the optimal operating parameters,when the productivity of seedling line was increased to 900 plates/h,the maximum amplitude of the seedling trays was 0.709mm,and there was no significant change in the amplitude,which indicated that the device had good operational stability.The research results can provide reference for improving the stacking effect and reducing the vibration of the seedling line.
作者
李旭
伍硕祥
匡敏球
刘青
刘大为
谢方平
LI Xu;WU Shuoxiang;KUANG Minqiu;LIU Qing;LIU Dawei;XIE Fangping(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Hunan Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Machinery Equipment,Changsha 410128,China;Key Laboratory of Southern Intelligent Seedling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yiyang 413055,China)
出处
《农业机械学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期122-132,共11页
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1600300-4/06、2020YFD1000300)。
关键词
漂浮育苗
泡沫育苗盘
自动叠盘装置
减振
叠盘整齐度
尺寸适应性
floating seedling
foam seedling tray
automatic stacking tray device
vibration damping
stack uniformity
dimensional adaptability
