摘要
根据铁路车辆车窗结构特点,将其分为安装结构和中空玻璃两部分,分别通过一维稳态导热公式和中空玻璃稳定状态下U值计算方法计算隔热系数,再通过面积贡献率叠加计算整窗隔热系数,并验证了方法的可行性。利用隔热系数计算方法研究了安装结构材料导热系数和厚度、中空层气体厚度与种类、玻璃表面辐射率、中空玻璃材质与厚度对隔热系数的影响。结果表明,车窗安装结构隔热性能主要取决于是否有效隔断热桥,非金属隔断层的厚度越大,热阻越高,隔热性能越好。中空玻璃获得良好隔热性能的前提是具有较优的中空层厚度,在此基础上采用镀Low-E膜玻璃可以有效降低隔热系数,填充惰性气体、使用PC板代替玻璃或增加玻璃厚度均可一定程度降低车窗隔热系数,但效果不明显。
According to the structural characteristics of the railway vehicle window,it is divided into two parts:the installation structure and the cavity-glass.The thermal insulation coefficient is calculated by the one-dimensional steady-state heat transfer formula and the U value calculation method under the steady-state of the cavity-glass,and then the thermal insulation coefficient of the whole window is calculated by the superposition of the area contribution rate,and the feasibility of the method is verified.The influence of the thermal conductivity and thickness of the installation structure material,the thickness and type of the hollow layer gas,the emissivity of the glass surface,the material and thickness of the cavity-glass on the thermal insulation coefficient was studied by using the calculation method of the thermal insulation coefficient.The results show that the thermal insulation performance of the window installation structure mainly depends on whether the thermal bridge is effectively cut off.The larger the thickness of the non-metallic partition is,the higher the thermal resistance is,and the better the thermal insulation performance is.The premise of obtaining good thermal insulation performance of cavity-glass is to have a better hollow layer thickness.On this basis,the Low-E film glass can effectively reduce the thermal insulation coefficient.Filling inert gas,using PC plate instead of glass or increasing the thickness of glass can reduce the thermal insulation coefficient of window to a certain extent,but the effect is not obvious.
作者
刘天天
殷立阳
付志亮
王茂权
刘晓孟
LIU Tiantian;YIN Liyang;FU Zhiliang;WANG Maoquan;LIU Xiaomeng(Equipment Development Department,Product R&D Center,CRRC Tangshan Locomotive&Rolling Stock Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063000,China)
出处
《铁道车辆》
2024年第2期89-93,共5页
Rolling Stock
关键词
铁路车辆车窗
中空玻璃
隔热系数
计算
气体热传导
辐射换热
railway vehicle window
cavity-glass
thermal insulation coefficient
calculation
thermal conductivity for gas
radiation heat transfer
