摘要
能源效率是欧盟垃圾焚烧厂建设和运营的关键评价指标之一,欧盟垃圾焚烧行业在能源效率评价体系、配套政策及相应技术方面较为完善。欧盟《废弃物框架指令》(2008/98/EC)提出了固废处理金字塔的概念并规定了各方法的优先级,此外规定了能效评价指标R1计算公式及最低值用以评估欧盟垃圾焚烧厂是否达到固废处理金字塔中的再生利用等级。数据显示:大部分欧盟垃圾焚烧厂具备较完善的供热系统及热电联产的条件,整体能效利用水平较高,超85%的生活垃圾焚烧达到再生利用等级。采用欧盟垃圾焚烧能效评价指标R1方法对我国生活垃圾焚烧发电厂能效情况进行计算,结果表明:随着高参数机组和炉排大型化等技术的应用,我国能源利用效率显著提高;但我国垃圾焚烧以纯发电为主,能源利用效率较欧盟整体偏低,因此可借鉴欧盟经验,合理采用热电联产等相关技术进一步提高能源利用效率,并逐步完善垃圾焚烧能源效率评价体系。
Energy efficiency is one of the key evaluation indicators for construction and operation of EU WtE plants.The EU WtE industry has a relatively complete energy efficiency evaluation system,supporting policies and corresponding techniques The EU Waste Framework Directive(2008/98/EC)proposes the concept of European Waste Hierarchy and specifies the priority of treatment methods.In addition,the calculation formula of energy efficiency evaluation index R1 and its minimum value has been established to evaluate whether EU WtE plants achieve the hierarchy of recovery in European Waste Hierarchy.Data shows that most WtE plants in EU have relatively abundant heat user/distribution network and can adopt co-generation,and the overall energy efficiency level is high,with more than 85%of WtE from municipal solid waste(MSW)is classified as recovery.The energy efficiency of MSW WtE plants in China was calculated using the R1 method.The results show that with the application of related techniques such as high parameter boiler units and large-scale grates in China,the energy efficiency of MSW WtE plants has significantly improved.However,WtE plants in China are with main purpose of power generation,and the energy efficiency is lower than that of the EU.Therefore,it is worth learning from the EU experience of reasonably adopting co-generation and related improvement techniques as well as gradually improving the energy efficiency evaluation system.
作者
邹昕
龙吉生
黄一茹
焦学军
ZOU Xin;LONG Jisheng;HUANG Yiru;JIAO Xuejun(Shanghai SUS Environment Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201703,China)
出处
《环境工程》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第2期220-229,共10页
Environmental Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划固废资源化专项项目(2020YFC1910100)。
关键词
欧盟
垃圾焚烧
能源效率
再生利用
最佳可行技术
EU
waste-to-energy
energy efficiency
recovery
best available techniques
