摘要
涡空化作为一种在推进器叶顶涡心处产生的空化现象,在推进器原型上往往最早出现,其一旦发生将会严重影响舰艇的声隐身性能(噪声增加10 dB以上),在很大程度上限制了舰艇临界航速的进一步提升,因而长期以来一直是空化水动力学领域研究的重点与难点课题之一.本文首先简要介绍了旋涡空化流动相较于其他形式空化流动的特点,并以梢涡空化为主要对象,系统阐述了旋涡空化初生、发展的演变行为与流动机理研究,从空化三要素的角度深入讨论了其影响因素与作用机制.在此基础上,本文分别对旋涡空化流动中尺度效应、流动控制等关键问题的相关研究进展进行了回顾,较为系统地梳理了旋涡空化尺度效应的内在原因以及旋涡空化流动控制方法与控制思路.最后,本文针对目前旋涡空化研究领域关注的重点与难点问题,对旋涡空化流动研究中采用的实验测量及数值模拟技术进行了总结与展望.
Vortex cavitation,a cavitation phenomenon that occurs at the vortex center on propeller blades,often appears first on propeller prototypes.Once it occurs,it will seriously affect the acoustic stealth performance of naval vessels(the noise can increase by more than 10 dB),which limits the further increase in the critical speed of naval vessels to a great extent.Therefore,it has long been one of the key and challenging topics in the field of cavitation hydrodynamics.In this paper,the characteristics of vortex cavitating flow compared with other forms of cavitating flow are briefly introduced first,with tip vortex cavitation as the main research object.The evolution behaviors and flow mechanisms of vortex cavitation inception and development are then expounded.At the same time,the influential factors of vortex cavitation inception and development and their mechanisms are discussed in depth from the perspective of cavitation elements.In addition,the relevant research progress on several key issues,including scale effect and flow control in vortex cavitating flow,is reviewed.The internal causes of vortex cavitation scale effect and the controlling methods and ideas for vortex cavitating flow are systematically sorted.Finally,aimed at the key and tricky problems in the current research field of vortex cavitation,the experimental measurement and numerical simulation technologies used in the future research on vortex cavitating flow are summarized and outlooked.
作者
程怀玉
季斌
龙新平
彭晓星
CHENG Huaiyu;JI Bin;LONG Xinping;PENG Xiaoxing(State Key Laboratory of Water Resources Engineering and Management,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,P.R.China;National Key Lab on Ship Vibration and Noise,China Ship Scientific Research Center,Wuxi 214082,P.R.China)
出处
《力学进展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期86-137,共52页
Advances in Mechanics
基金
国家重点研发计划(2022YFB3303501)
国家自然科学基金(52176041,12102308,11332009,11772305)资助项目.
关键词
空化
旋涡空化
涡模型
尺度效应
流动控制
Cavitation
Vortex cavitation
Vortex model
Scale effect
Flow control
