摘要
分析间伐对杉木凋落物储量和水文特征的影响,可为科学构建杉木人工林结构、更好发挥其水源涵养功能提供科学依据。以福建省洋口国有林场13年生杉木人工林为研究对象,采取完全随机区组试验设计,布设未间伐(CK,对照)、轻(LIT)、中(MIT)、重度(HIT)4种间伐强度,应用野外调查和室内浸泡相结合的实验方法,分析4种间伐处理下杉木人工林各分解层凋落物储量、吸水特征、拦蓄能力。结果表明:4种间伐处理杉木凋落物储量为4105~7184 kg·hm^(-2),中度间伐凋落物储量较轻、重度间伐显著提高21.06%、75.06%(P<0.05),半分解层凋落物储量是未分解层的3.38倍。未分解、半分解凋落物持水量(W)、吸水速率(V)与浸水时间关系符合对数(W=a+blnt)和幂(V=kt^(n))函数模型,前者在4 h前增加迅速,后者在0~4 h迅速衰减。半分解层持水量、吸水速率大于未分解层,中度间伐处理高于其余3种处理。间伐显著改变了凋落物层最大持水量(14011~23600 kg·hm^(-2))、最大拦蓄量(10450~17840 kg·hm^(-2))、有效拦蓄量(8340~14310 kg·hm^(-2)),以中度间伐效果最好,半分解层凋落物水文特征值大于未分解层。建议该地区杉木人工林经营管理,宜采取中度间伐,实现森林水源涵养效益最大化。
Analyzing the effects of thinning on litter storage and hydrological characteristics can provide a scientific support for the establishment of Chinese fir(Cunninghamia lanceolata)plantation and the improvement of its water-conserving function.A randomized block experiment was designed in a 13-year-old Chinese fir plantation in the Yangkou State-owned Forest Farm in Fujian Province,with four thinning intensities:no thinning(control),light,moderate,and high thinning intensity.We analyzed the litter storage capacity,water absorption characteristics,and interception capacity of each decomposition layer of the Chinese fir plantation under the four thinning intensities using field investigation and indoor immersion methods.The litter stock under the four treatments ranged from 4150 kg·hm^(-2) to 7148 kg·hm^(-2).The litter accumulation under the moderate thinning was 21.06% and 75.06% higher than that under light and high thinning,respectively,and the litter stock in the half-decomposed layer was 3.38 times of that in the undecomposed layer.The relationship between water capacity(W),water absorption rate(V)and immersion time of undecomposed and half-decomposed litters was described with the function models of W=a+blnt and V=kt^(n),respectively.The former increased rapidly before 4 h,while the latter decreased rapidly from 0 to 4 h.The water holding capacity and water absorption rate of the half-decomposed layer were higher than those of the undecomposed layer,and were higher in the moderate thinning treatment than in the other three treatments.Thinning significantly changed the maximum water holding capacity(14011-23600 kg·hm^(-2)),maximum storage capacity(10450-17840 kg·hm^(-2))and effective storage capacity(8340-14310 kg·hm^(-2))of litter layer,with the strongest effect of the moderate thinning.The values of the hydrological characteristics of litter were greater in the half-decomposed layer than in the undecomposed layer.It is suggested that moderate thinning should be adopted in the management of Chinese fir plantations in this area to maximize the benefit of forest water conservation.
作者
陈家琛
蒋政
伍雄辉
曹光球
曹世江
CHEN Jiachen;JIANG Zheng;WU Xionghui;CAO Guangqiu;CAO Shijiang(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Chinese Fir Engineering Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Province South Forest Resources and Environment Engineering Technology Research Center,Fuzhou 350002,China)
出处
《生态学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期1057-1064,共8页
Chinese Journal of Ecology
基金
“十四五”国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201302)
国家自然科学基金项目(71201800739)资助。
关键词
间伐
杉木
凋落物
水文特征
thinning
Cunninghamia lanceolata
litter
hydrological characteristics
