摘要
制造业是实体经济的重要基础,也是我国拉动劳动力就业的主力军。为了缓解江苏省现今面临的劳动力就业问题,实现制造业的健康有序发展,以江苏省31.7万家制造业企业为样本,计算了江苏省各地级市、区县和不同行业的制造业地均从业人员数,分析制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力的空间分布特征、地域差异及行业差异,并运用多元线性回归模型探究用地权属特征、行业特征以及其他影响因素变量对制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力的影响。研究表明:1)江苏省制造业企业劳动力吸纳能力显著,国有用地权属的制造业企业吸纳劳动力能力明显高于集体用地权属的企业;江苏省制造业劳动力吸纳能力在空间上存在较大差异,国有权属和集体权属用地的企业劳动力吸纳能力总体上均呈现由南向北递减的态势,苏南地区的制造业劳动力吸纳能力高于苏中、苏北地区。2)高新技术和战略新兴产业的制造业企业吸纳劳动力的能力远高于全省平均水平,具有较大的优势。3)国有用地权属和高新技术、战略新兴产业的企业对劳动力吸纳能力均有显著正向影响,上缴税费、销售收入和容积率也有显著促进作用,区域经济发展水平具有一定的影响力。因此,建议优化制造业企业的布局,更好地发挥各地资源优势,吸纳劳动力就业,促进劳动力、资金、技术等要素在地区间合理配置;发挥国有用地权属的企业、高新技术企业及战略新兴产业企业的带动作用,缩小全省制造业吸纳就业水平的差距;坚持以创新发展战略作为战略支持,助力制造业实体经济发展。
Manufacturing is a vital basis for entity economy,and is China's major industry in employment as well.In order to mitigate Jiangsu's employment issue and to realize an ordered manufacturing,this paper,based on Jiangsu's 317 thousand companies'data,estimates their employees in its prefectures,counties and in different sectors,analyzes its spatial distribution,locality variance and sector difference of employment capacity,and applies multiple linear regression model to study the impacts of land ownership,sector features and other factors on manufacturing's employment capacity.Jiangsu's manufacturing has a large employment capacity,higher in state-owned land than in collective land.Employment capacity of Jiangsu's manufacturing varies geographically,in a decreasing trend from south to north,both in state-owned land and collective land.Employment capacity of high-tech and strategic new manufacturing is far above Jiangsu's average.Manufacturing in state-owned land,of high-tech and of new strategy,as well as taxation,sales income and land capacity,has an outstandingly positive impact on employment capacity,while regional economic development has a little impact.This paper presents suggestions on optimizing manufacturing layout to fulfill resources'advantages,promoting a rational allocation among capital,labor and technology,playing a leading role of manufacturing in state-owned land,high-tech and new strategic industries,minimizing the gap of manufacturing's employment capacity on the basis of innovative development strategy.
作者
齐玉宁
赵小风
李靖业
蒋海宁
QI Yuning;ZHAO Xiaofeng;LI Jingye;JIANG Haining(School of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;Nanjing Center for Land Consolidation and Collective Land Confiscation Management,Nanjing 210005,China)
出处
《资源与产业》
2024年第2期141-150,共10页
Resources & Industries
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41871173,42001196,42201317)。
关键词
制造业
劳动力吸纳能力
土地权属
行业特征
江苏
manufacturing
employment capacity
land ownership
sector characteristics
Jiangsu province
