摘要
变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)是由免疫球蛋白E(IgE)介导的由吸入变应原诱发的鼻黏膜炎症性疾病,涉及鼻腔细胞和炎症细胞、细胞因子、介质和细胞黏附分子的各种成分参与过敏性鼻炎的过程。AR的主要临床表现为鼻痒、鼻塞、流鼻涕、打喷嚏以及嗅觉减退。目前西医的治疗手段主要包括鼻/口服皮质类固醇、白三烯受体拮抗剂、抗组胺药、肥大细胞稳定剂和短期鼻充血减轻剂,但不良反应较明显,患者精神压力大,因此深入探索变应性鼻炎的作用机制与治疗策略具有重要的临床意义。氧化应激是机体在内外环境损害下产生活性氧(ROS)所引起的疾病生理和病理异常,氧化应激加剧了炎性细胞因子的释放,与AR的发病机制密切相关,参与信号通路转导、细胞凋亡、自噬和线粒体功能障碍等病理状态,是促进AR病情发展的重要因素。传统中医药对于临床治疗过敏性疾病已有上千年历史,近年来中医药防治变应性鼻炎的临床成效也得到大量研究结果的肯定,基于氧化应激途径,进一步阐明了中药单体、活性成分及其复方可凭借多靶点、多组分和多途径的生物学优势对AR起到整体性保护作用。作者通过分析近年来国内外中医药相关研究进展,对氧化应激在AR中的防治作用及机制进行综述,以期为中医药临床防治AR的作用机制研究提供进一步的理论依据。
Allergic rhinitis(AR)is an inflammatory disease mediated by immunoglobulin E(IgE)that occurs in the nasal mucosa and has become the sixth largest chronic disease in the world announced by the World Health Organization(WHO).The main clinical manifestations of AR are nasal congestion,runny nose,nasal itching,sneezing,and olfactory dysfunction.At present,the treatment methods of Western medicine mainly include nasal/oral corticosteroids,leukotriene receptor antagonists,antihistamines,mast cell stabilizers and short-term nasal congestion alleviating agents,but the adverse reactions are obvious and the patients are under high mental pressure,so it is of great clinical significance to further explore the mechanism of action and treatment strategies of allergic rhinitis. Oxidative stress is a physiological and pathological abnormality of the disease caused by the production of reactive oxygen radicals(ROS)under harmful stimulation of the internal and external environment,oxidative stress intensifies the release of inflammatory cytokines,is closely related to the pathogenesis of AR,participates in pathway conduction, apoptosis,autophagy and mitochondrial dysfunction and other pathological states,is an important factor to promote the development of AR disease. Traditional Chinese medicine has been used for thousands of years in the clinical treatment of allergic diseases,and in recent years,the clinical effectiveness of traditional Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis has also been affirmed by a large number of research results,based on the oxidative stress pathway,it is further elucidated that traditional Chinese medicine monomers,active ingredients and their compounds can play an overall protective role against AR by virtue of the biological advantages of multiple targets,multiple components and multiple pathways. By analyzing the recent research progress of traditional Chinese medicine at home and abroad, the authors review the prevention and treatment effect and mechanism of oxidative stress in AR,in order to provide further theoretical basis for the study of the mechanism of action of clinical prevention and treatment of AR in traditional Chinese medicine.
作者
秦竹
王超
李岩
QIN Zhu;WANG Chao;LI Yan(Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;The First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《辽宁中医药大学学报》
CAS
2024年第5期213-220,共8页
Journal of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(81874495)
教育部春晖计划合作科研项目(HLJ2019036)
黑龙江省中医药科研项目(ZHY19-033)。
关键词
氧化应激
变应性鼻炎
发病机制
中药防治
oxidative stress
allergic rhinitis
pathogenesis
traditional Chinese medicine prevention and treatment
