摘要
【目的】筛选出控冠效果最佳的植物生长调节剂种类及浓度,为探究无花果设施栽培控冠技术及果实品质的影响提供理论依据。【方法】以‘金傲芬’无花果为材料,分别喷施多效唑500、1000、1500 mg/L、缩节胺500、1000、1500 mg/L、矮壮素500、1000、1500 mg/L的水溶液,以清水为对照(CK),探究植物生长调节剂对无花果的生长及品质的影响。【结果】3种植物生长调节剂对无花果生长均有一定影响,其中多效唑1500 mg/L、矮壮素500 mg/L及缩节胺1500 mg/L显著抑制了株高、节间长、茎粗、叶长、叶宽、柄长和柄宽,且多效唑的控冠效果最佳,多效唑处理的叶绿素含量均有所增加,多效唑1000 mg/L的叶绿素含量最高(61.16),缩节胺和矮壮素各浓度处理后的叶绿素含量均低于对照。在果实品质方面,多效唑明显缩短了果柄长度,减小了果实纵径、果形指数、可溶性糖含量,可溶性固形物含量和蛋白质含量均高于对照,1000 mg/L处理下的果实硬度、单果质量最大,且可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量最高;矮壮素1500 mg/L的单果质量和果柄长都减小,使果实纵径、果形指数、果实硬度、可溶性糖含量增大,矮壮素500、1000 mg/L处理下的可溶性固形物含量高于对照(18.02%),矮壮素1500 mg/L的蛋白质含量最大(103.04%)、硬度最小(4.84 N);缩节胺明显增大了果实硬度、提高了可溶性固形物含量和可溶性糖含量,然而蛋白质含量均低于对照,其中缩节胺1000 mg/L的可溶性糖含量最高(22.58%),缩节胺1500 mg/L处理下的可溶性固形物和蛋白质含量最高,分别为20.19%、85.18%。【结论】综合比较,植物生长调节剂对无花果的生长及品质均有一定影响,其中多效唑1000 mg/L对无花果的控冠较好,矮壮素1000 mg/L和缩节胺1500 mg/L处理后的品质较好。因此,多效唑可以作为无花果控冠技术的首选措施,矮壮素和缩节胺可作为无花果果实品质调控的首选。
【Objective】In order to screen out the type and concentration of plant growth regulator with the best effect of crown control,and to provide a basis for exploring the influence of crown control technology and fruit quality in fig cultivation facilities.【Method】Taking‘Jin’aofen’figs as materials,we sprayed aqueous solutions of 500,1000,1500 mg/L of polyiconazole,500,1000,1500 mg/L of acetamiprid,500,1000,1500 mg/L of chlormequat chloride,and 500,1000,1500 mg/L of chlormequat chloride,and used clean water as the control(CK),to investigate the effects of plant growth regulators on the growth and quality of figs.【Result】All three plant growth regulators had some effects on fig growth,in which polystyrene 1500 mg/L,chlormequat 500 mg/L and acetamiprid 1500 mg/L significantly inhibited plant height,internode length,stem thickness,leaf length,leaf width,stalk length and stalk width,and polystyrene had the best effect on crown control,the chlorophyll contents of polystyrene treatments were increased,and the chlorophyll content of polystyrene 1000 mg/L had the content was the highest(61.16),and the chlorophyll content of all concentration treatments of indoxacarb and chlormequat chloride was lower than that of the control.In terms of fruit quality,strobilurin significantly shortened the length of fruit stalk,reduced the longitudinal diameter,fruit shape index,soluble sugar content,soluble solids content and protein content were higher than that of the control,and fruit hardness and single fruit mass were the largest and soluble protein and soluble sugar content were the highest in the treatment of 1000 mg/L.The single fruit mass and fruit stalk length of chlormequat chloride 1500 mg/L were reduced,so that longitudinal diameter,fruit shape index,fruit hardness,fruit shape index and soluble sugar content of the control were higher than that of the control.and fruit shape index,fruit hardness,soluble sugar content increased,soluble solids content was higher than the control(18.02%)under the treatments of chlormequat chloride 500 and 1000 mg/L,and chlormequat chloride 1500 mg/L had the largest protein content(103.04%)and the smallest hardness(4.84 g.cm2);acetic acid significantly increased fruit hardness,soluble solids content and soluble sugar content,however,the protein contents were lower than the control,with the highest soluble sugar content(22.58%)under the treatment of acetamiprid 1000 mg/L,and the highest soluble solids and protein contents under the treatment of acetamiprid 1500 mg/L,which were 20.19%and 85.18%,respectively.【Conclusion】In a comprehensive comparison,plant growth regulators had a certain effect on the growth and quality of figs,among which 1000 mg/L of polystyrene was better for fig crown control,and 1000 mg/L of chlormequat chloride and 1500 mg/L of acetamiprid were better for quality after treatment.Therefore,polyiconazole can be used as the preferred measure for fig crown control technology,and chlormequat chloride and acetamiprid can be used as the preferred choice for fig fruit quality control.
作者
苏宇霞
余丽萍
刘厚基
吴翠云
马全会
王振磊
SU Yuxia;YU Liping;LIU Houji;WU Cuiyun;MA Quanhui;WANG Zhenlei(College of Horticulture and Forestry,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;National and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of High Efficiency and High Quality Cultivation and Deep Processing Technology of Characteristic Fruit Trees in Southern Xinjiang,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization of Tarim Basin Corps,Tarim University,Alar 843300,Xinjiang,China)
出处
《经济林研究》
北大核心
2024年第1期284-293,共10页
Non-wood Forest Research
基金
新疆生产建设兵团科技计划项目(2023AB072)
塔里木盆地生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室开放项目(BRFW2202)
新疆生产建设兵团民生实事资助项目(2021147)
新疆生产建设兵团创新创业平台与基地建设项目(2019CB001)。
