摘要
目的了解北京市东城区居民高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率和控制率现状及影响因素,为制定高血压防控措施提供依据。方法2021年6—10月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在北京市东城区16个街道开展以社区人群为基础的慢性病及其危险因素监测调查,共纳入7300名18~79岁常住居民,分析不同特征人群高血压患病率、知晓率、治疗率及控制率,并采用多因素非条件logistic回归分析探讨其影响因素。结果7300名调查对象中有2300例患高血压,高血压患病率为31.51%,男性患病率高于女性(32.68%vs.30.48%,P<0.05)。在高血压患者中,高血压知晓率、治疗率、控制率分别为70.87%、59.26%、35.70%(标化率分别是50.67%、35.47%、22.94%),且随着年龄增加,高血压知晓率、治疗率和控制率均呈上升趋势(P<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析显示,男性、年龄≥40岁、文化程度低、饮酒、合并糖尿病、合并血脂异常、超重肥胖、有高血压家族史的调查对象罹患高血压风险较高(P<0.05);女性、年龄≥40岁、文化程度高、合并糖尿病、合并血脂异常、有高血压家族史的高血压患者知晓率、治疗率高(P<0.05);年龄≥40岁、接受药物治疗的高血压患者控制率高,肥胖的高血压患者控制率低(P<0.05)。结论北京市东城区居民高血压患病率较高,不同人群的知晓率、治疗率和控制率有差异,应重点加强男性、中青年、低文化水平人群高血压健康教育,规范高血压患者的管理,并对高血压危险因素进行综合防控。
Objective To understand the prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control rates of hypertension among residents in Dongcheng District,Beijing,and their influencing factors,to provide a basis for formulating hypertension prevention and control measures.Methods From June to October 2021,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a community population-based monitoring survey on chronic diseases and their risk factors in 16 streets of Dongcheng District,Beijing.A total of 7300 permanent residents aged 18-79 were included in this study.The prevalence,awareness,treatment,and control rates of hypertension in different characteristic population groups were analyzed,and the influencing factors were explored using multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis.Results Out of the 7300 respondents,2300 had hypertension,with a prevalence rate of 31.51%.The prevalence rate in males was higher than that in females(32.68%vs.30.48%,P<0.05).Among hypertension patients,the awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension were 70.87%,59.26%,and 35.70%,respectively(standardized rates were 50.67%,35.47%,and 22.94%,respectively),and with age,the awareness rate,treatment rate,and control rate of hypertension showed an upward trend(P<0.05).Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that the subjects who were male,≥40 years old,with low education level,drinking,combined with diabetes,combined with dyslipidemia,overweight and obesity,and had a family history of hypertension,had a higher risk of hypertension(P<0.05).The hypertension patients who were female,age≥40,with high education level,combined with diabetes,combined with dyslipidemia,and had a family history of hypertension,had higher awareness rate and treatment rate(P<0.05).Hypertension patients aged≥40 years and receiving medication had a higher control rate,while obese hypertensive patients had a lower control rate(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of hypertension among residents in Dongcheng District,Beijing is relatively high,and there are differences in awareness,treatment,and control rates among different populations.It is necessary to focus on strengthening hypertension health education for men,middle-aged and young people,and low education level groups,standardize the management of hypertension patients,and comprehensively prevent and control hypertension risk factors.
作者
周晓云
石红梅
汪静
ZHOU Xiaoyun;SHI Hongmei;WANG Jing(Dongcheng District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《中国医药科学》
2024年第8期143-147,198,共6页
China Medicine And Pharmacy
关键词
高血压
患病率
知晓率
治疗率
控制率
影响因素
Hypertension
Prevalence rate
Awareness rate
Treatment rate
Control rate
Influencing factor
