摘要
【目的】对比385份甘蔗种质资源的表型性状特征,为挖掘和利用广西蔗区的优良甘蔗种质资源及选育适应性强的甘蔗品种提供参考依据。【方法】在田间以桶栽方式种植385份来源于我国广西、广东、云南和台湾地区及美国的甘蔗种质资源,在甘蔗成熟期早期对有效茎数、茎径、叶长、叶宽和锤度等5个重要表型性状进行测量、差异分析及相关分析,综合评价其表型性状表现,筛选出适应性强的优良甘蔗种质资源。【结果】不同地区来源的甘蔗种质在5个表型性状上表现出较大差异,具有丰富的遗传多样性。表型演进趋势分析结果表明,我国广东和云南及美国甘蔗种质的锤度整体呈上升趋势,在世代4或世代5达到最高值;我国广西和云南及美国甘蔗种质的叶长都出现不同幅度的增加。相关分析表明,叶长与锤度、有效茎数呈显著正相关(P<0.05,下同),而与茎径呈极显著正相关(P<0.01,下同);叶宽与叶长呈显著正相关,而与茎径呈极显著正相关;锤度与有效茎数呈极显著正相关,但与茎径呈显著负相关。根据欧式距离进行聚类分析,将365份甘蔗种质材料分为11个类群,其中,桂糖23号、桂糖32号、桂糖37号、桂糖44号等14份甘蔗种质被划分为第Ⅴ类群,在锤度、茎径和有效茎数等表型性状上的综合表现远优于其他类群。【结论】供试的385种甘蔗种质具有较为丰富的遗传基础,叶片性状和产糖量构成因素之间呈显著或极显著相关,产糖量构成因素之间存在相互制约的关系。共筛选出14份早熟甘蔗种质,包括桂糖23号、桂糖32号、桂糖37号、桂糖44号等。
【Objective】The phenotypic traits of 385 sugarcane germplasms were compared to provide reference for mining and utilizing excellent sugarcane germplasm resources and breeding sugarcane varieties with strong adaptability in Guangxi.【Method】A total of 385 sugarcane germplasms collected from Guangxi,Guangdong,Yannan and Taiwan of China as well as America were planted in the field by barrel planting.The differences and correlations of five important phenotypic traits,including effective stalk number,stalk diameter,leaf length,leaf width and brix,were analyzed in the early stage of sugarcane maturity.The phenotypic traits were comprehensively evaluated,and the excellent sugarcane germplasms with strong adaptability were screened out.【Result】Sugarcane germplasms from different sources had rich genetic diversity,and their phenotypic traits showed great differences.The results of phenotypic evolution trend analysis showed that the brix of sugarcane germplasms in Guangdong and Yunnan of China as well as America showed the increasing trend,reaching the highest value in generation 4 or 5,and the leaf length of sugarcane germplasms in Guangxi and Yunnan of China as well as America increased to different extents.Correlation analysis showed that leaf length had a significant positive correlation with brix and effective stalk number(P<0.05,the same as below),and had extremely significant positive correlation with stalk diameter(P<0.01,the same as below).There was a significant positive correlation between leaf width and leaf length,and extremely significant positive correlation with the number of effective stalk.Brix was extremely positively correlated with the number of effective stalks,but significantly negatively correlated with stem diameter.The 365 sugarcane germplasms were divided into 11 groups by cluster analysis.Among them,14 sugarcane germplasms such as Guitang 23,Guitang 32,Guitang 37 and Guitang 44 were clustered into group V,and the combined performance on phenotypic traits such as brix,stalk diameter and effective stalk number were better than other groups.【Conclusion】385 sugarcane germplasms had rich genetic basis.There were significant or extremely significant correlations between leaf traits and the components of sugar production,and there were mutual constraints between the components of sugar production.Fourteen early-maturing sugarcane germplasms were screened,including Guitang 23,Guitang 32,Guitang 37 and Guitang 44,etc.
作者
李贵龙
何浩宁
匡博文
罗灵
蒋正杰
玉明茂
杨细平
LI Gui-long;HE Hao-ning;KUANG Bo-wen;LUO Ling;JIANG Zheng-jie;YU Ming-mao;YANG Xi-ping(Guangxi University/State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources,Nanning 530004,China;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University/National Demonstration Center for Experimental Plant Science Education,Nanning 530004,China)
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期524-531,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
广西自然科学基金项目(2020GXNSFAA297039)
广西科技重大专项(桂科AA22117002)
广西高校引进海外高层次人才“百人计划”(2019)
广西大学大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202110593241)。
关键词
甘蔗
种质资源
表型性状
聚类分析
Sugarcane
Germplasm resource
Phenotypic traits
Cluster analysis
