摘要
[目的]研究干热河谷“种养结合”生态循环利用母牛养殖模式,提高养殖效益、加强环境保护和增加土地综合利用率。[方法]以云南省保山市2个干热河谷区域的6个养殖户为试验研究对象,每年在2000 m^(2)土地上种植一季玉米、两季蔬菜,再配套种植667 m^(2)王草,每户养殖能繁母牛3头,通过对单独种植效益与种养结合效益进行对比分析,确定适合该区域种养循环母牛养殖的最佳模式。[结果]利用好2000 m^(2)土地,种植两季扁豆、一季玉米可产鲜豆7.26 t、豆秸12.06 t、全株玉米11.37 t,配套种植667 m^(2)王草,年产鲜草34.8 t,满足饲养3头母牛及所产2.5头犊牛的粗饲料需求;年产生30 t鲜粪作有机肥还田。年出售鲜豆收益2.19万元,出售半岁犊牛收益1.75万元,达到种养结合循环利用,增加种养效益。[结论]该种养循环养殖模式适合当地的种植业与肉牛养殖业融合发展,值得推广。
[Objectives]The model of farming cows under planting-farming cycle in dry-hot river valley was studied to improve the efficiency of farming,strengthen the environment protection and increase the comprehensive utilization rate of land.[Methods]Six farmers in two hot and dry river valleys in Baoshan City,Yunnan Province were selected to plant one season of maize and two seasons of vegetables on 2000 m^(2)of land each year,accompanied by 667 m^(2)of king grass.Each household raised 3 cows able to give birth.The optimal eco-recycling model for farming cows in the region was determined by comparatively analyzing the benefit of the single planting and the benefit of the combination of planting and farming.[Results]Planting two seasons of lentils and one season of maize produced 7.26 tons of fresh beans,12.06 tons of soybean straw,and 11.37 tons of whole-plant corn by making good use of 2000 m^(2)of land.Accompanied planting 667 square meters of king grass produced an annual output of 34.8 tons of fresh grass,meeting the coarse feed requirements for raising 3 cows and 2.5 calves.30 tons of fresh cow manure were produced annually as organic fertilizer and returned to the field.The annual income from selling fresh beans and half-year-old calves was 21900 yuan and 17500 yuan,achieving a combination of planting and farming for ecological cycle and increasing the benefits of planting and farming.[Conclusions]This model of farming cows under planting farming cycle is suitable for the integration and development of local planting industries and beef cattle farming industries,and is worth promoting.
作者
杨恩富
夏海晶
祝应良
杨云艳
董鹏飞
匡继才
YANG Enfu;XIA Haijing;ZHU Yingliang;YANG Yunyan;DONG Pengfei;KUANG Jicai(Animal Husbandry Workstation in Baoshan City,Yunnan Province,Baoshan 678000,China;Yunnan Provincial Animal Husbandry Station,Kunming 650032,China)
出处
《养殖与饲料》
2024年第5期23-26,共4页
Animals Breeding and Feed
关键词
干热河谷
种养结合
生态循环
母牛
养殖模式
dry-hot river valley
combination of planting and farming
ecological cycle
cow
farming model
