摘要
金沙江上游干热河谷地区存在较严重的生态障碍,主要是:土壤贫瘠、表土生产力不足、表土立地条件恶劣且土壤保水抗旱能力差,开展生态恢复工作十分困难。以恢复当地的旭龙水电站工程之生态环境为目的,以项目区的生态障碍为突破点,采用资料分析、现场调查及遥感法等,分析项目区的生态障碍,划定不同生态障碍的影响范围;采用类比法及演绎法,逐级推导表土保护和生态恢复问题的解决方法,包括:调查项目内表土资源的分布情况;详细分析项目区内的表土平衡,设计表土回覆、剥离及堆存方案,估算表土缺口;初步设计表土立地条件改良及其生产力恢复的作业方案,对剥离的表土进行表土培肥,对过筛的生土进行土壤熟化,并配套表土堆存临时防护及临时绿化。结果表明:上述表土保护设计可使表土达到绿化覆土要求,形成了“先分析生态障碍,然后开展表土保护设计,改良表土的立地条件改良、恢复其生产力,最后修复生态环境”的工作思路。研究成果可为生态脆弱地区的生态恢复工程提供借鉴。
The ecological obstacles in dry and hot valley area of the upper reaches of Jinsha River are more serious than that in the lower reaches,resulting in poor soil fertility,insufficient topsoil productivity,harsh topsoil landing-conditions,and poor soil water retention and drought resistance.It is very difficult to carry out ecological restoration work in local area.Aiming at restoring ecological environment of Xulong Hydropower Station in local area and taking ecological obstacles in the project area as case study,data analysis,on-site investigation,and remote sensing methods were used to analyze the ecological obstacles in project area and delineate the impact range of different ecological obstacles.By using analogy and deduction methods,the solution methods for topsoil protection and ecological restoration problems were derived step by step.The main content were shown as investigating the distribution of surface soil resources in the project,conducting a detailed analysis of topsoil balance in project area,designing topsoil backfilling,stripping,and storage plans,and estimateing topsoil gap,as well as preliminary design of the operation plan for improving landing-conditions of topsoil and restoring its productivity,including fertilizing stripped topsoil,maturing screened raw soil,and supporting temporary protection and greening of topsoil storage.The results showed that the above topsoil protection design can meet the requirements of green covering,forming a working idea that firstly analyzing ecological obstacles,then carrying out topsoil protection design,improving the site conditions of topsoil,restoring its productivity,and finally restoring the ecological environment.The above research results can provide a reference for ecological restoration projects in ecologically fragile areas.
作者
张新
廖勇
张雪杨
黄斌
田红卫
韩昊宇
ZHANG Xin;LIAO Yong;ZHANG Xueyang;HUANG Bin;TIAN Hongwei;HAN Haoyu(Changjiang Survey,Planning and Design Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;National Energy Group Jinshajiang Xulong Hydropower Co.,Ltd.,Garze Prefecture 627950,China)
出处
《水利水电快报》
2024年第5期98-104,共7页
Express Water Resources & Hydropower Information
关键词
水土保持
干热河谷
生态障碍
表土保护
立地条件
表土生产力
旭龙水电站
soil and water conservation
dry and hot river valleys
ecological obstacles
topsoil protection
landing-condition
topsoil productivity
Xulong Hydropower Station
