摘要
苜蓿蚜虫是紫花苜蓿田的一类重要害虫,主要种类有豌豆蚜(Acyrthosiphon pisum)、苜蓿蚜(Aphis craccivora)及苜蓿斑蚜(Therioaphis trifolii)。为优化紫花苜蓿田苜蓿蚜虫的诱集技术,为防治苜蓿田蚜虫制定科学详尽的综合防控策略提供科学依据,分别于2021、2022年连续2 a测定苜蓿生长期8种颜色诱虫板、2个悬挂高度、2个田间位置、每日4个时段等因素对紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)田内苜蓿蚜虫诱集量的影响。结果表明,蓝色诱虫板对苜蓿蚜虫具有强烈趋性且对天敌影响小,2 a平均诱集量分别为57、56头/板;蓝色诱虫板悬挂高度在50 cm处诱集效果显著高于20 cm处;诱虫板放置在田间边缘地段较中央地段诱虫板的诱集效果好;在每日监测的4个时段内,下午至黄昏时分(15:00—19:00)诱集到苜蓿蚜虫的数量最多。此外,监测了苜蓿蚜虫的年种群动态发生规律,即每年7月中下旬苜蓿蚜虫为害达到高峰;第2茬诱集到的苜蓿蚜虫最多,而每一茬次苜蓿在现蕾期蚜虫为害最严重。综上,蓝色诱虫板放置在田间边缘地段,悬挂高度为50 cm,在每天15:00—19:00诱集,可以达到较好的苜蓿蚜虫诱集效果。
Alfalfa aphids are important pests in alfalfa fields,including Acyrthosiphon pisum,Aphis craccivora,and Therioaphis trifolii.The aim of this research was to optimize the trapping technology of alfalfa aphids in alfalfa field to provide scientific basis for the development of scientific and detailed comprehensive prevention and control of aphids in alfalfa fields.In this study,effects of the factors including eight colors of sticky boards,two hanging heights,two filed locations,four times of a day on the trapping volume of alfalfa aphids in alfalfa fields for two consecutive years in 2021 and 2022.The results showed that the blue sticky board had a strong tropism to alfalfa aphids,it also had minimal impact on its natural enemies,and the average trapping volume in two years were 57 per trap and 56 per trap,respectively.The trapping effect of the blue sticky board at the hanging height of 50 cm was significantly higher than that at the hanging height of 20 cm.The trapping effect was better when the sticky boards were set at the edge of the alfalfa field than that of the central section.The number of alfalfa aphids trapped at the period from afternoon to dusk(15:00-19:00) was more than other test times in one day.In addition,the annual population dynamics of alfalfa aphids was monitored,that was the damage caused by alfalfa aphids reached its peak in middle to late July every year.The second cutting trapped the most alfalfa aphids,and the damage of alfalfa aphids in the budding stage of each cutting was the most serious.In conclusion,the blue sticky board placed on the edge of the alfalfa field with a hanging height of 50cm,and the trapping in afternoon(15:00-19:00) every day could achieve a better trapping effect of alfalfa aphids.
作者
乔浪
韩海斌
王振
张志强
魏淑花
倪鹏
邢丽伟
谭瑶
QIAO Lang;HAN Haibin;WANG Zhen;ZHANG Zhiqiang;WEI Shuhua;NI Peng;XING Liwei;TAN Yao(College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010010,China;Institute of Grassland Research of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science,Hohhot 010020,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources,Ministry of Education P.R of China,Hohhot 010010,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;M-Grass Ecology And Environment(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Hohhot 011500,China;Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center of Hailaer District in Hulunbuir City,Hulunbuir 021000,China)
出处
《山西农业科学》
2024年第3期137-146,共10页
Journal of Shanxi Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32160651)
内蒙古科技攻关项目(2021GG0057,2022YFHH0034)
国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34-39)
中央引导地方项目(2022-184)。
关键词
苜蓿蚜虫
诱虫板
天敌
紫花苜蓿
绿色防控
alfalfa aphids
sticky boards
natural enemy
Medicago sativa
green management
