摘要
为了探究大棚栽培羊肚菌对于土壤理化性质的影响,以邢台地区和衡水地区羊肚菌的栽培土壤为研究对象,分别统计分析羊肚菌出菇情况与土壤理化性质变化情况,测定分析在羊肚菌栽培前与采收后土壤pH值以及土壤养分含量(全氮、全磷、全钾、有机质、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾)的变化情况。结果表明:2个地区土壤速效磷含量在羊肚菌栽培前和采收后降幅最大,均达到50%以上,且前后差异均达显著水平,邢台地区栽培前土壤速效磷含量为49.15 mg/kg,采收后不出菇土壤组和每667 m^(2)羊肚菌产量50~100 kg土壤组速效磷含量分别降低到了18.37 mg/kg和11.8 mg/kg;衡水地区栽培前土壤速效磷含量达到36.37 mg/kg,采收后不出菇或每667 m2羊肚菌产量<3 kg土壤组和每667 m^(2)羊肚菌产量300~400 kg土壤组速效磷含量分别降至10.85 mg/kg和13.1 mg/kg。全钾含量在羊肚菌采收后上升,邢台、衡水2个地区羊肚菌采收后土壤全钾含量均分别显著高于栽培前(15.50、18.79 g/kg),且产量较差的区域(邢台:18.96 g/kg,衡水:23.55 g/kg)与产量好的区域(邢台:19.42 g/kg,衡水:23.91 g/kg)相比基本持平,无显著性差异。所以,羊肚菌在生长过程中对速效磷的消耗比较大,同时能富集土壤中的全钾,提高土壤肥力水平。总体上看来,邢台地区土壤和衡水地区土壤在所检测的营养元素上呈现出相同的消耗趋势,为合理栽培羊肚菌提供了参考。
In order to explore the influence of Morchella esculenta cultivation in greenhouse on soil physical and chemical properties,the cultivation soils of M.esculenta in Xingtai aera and Hengshui area were taken as the research objects,and the changes of mushroom emergence and soils physical and chemical properties were statistically analyzed,and the changes of pH value and nutrients contents(total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,organic matter,alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium)of soil before and after cultivation of M.esculenta were determined and analyzed.The results showed that the content of soil available phosphorus in the two areas decreased mostly before cultivation and after harvesting,reaching more than 50%,and the differences between before cultivation and after harvesting were all significant.The content of soil available phosphorus in Xingtai area before cultivation was 49.15 mg/kg,the content of available phosphorus after harvesting in the soil group without mushroom 2 production and the soil group with M.esculenta yield of 50-100 kg per 667 m decreased to 18.37 mg/kg and 11.8 mg/kg,respectively.In Hengshui area,the content of available phosphorus in soil reached 36.37 mg/kg before cultivation,and decreased to 10.85 mg/kg and 13.1 mg/kg in soil groups with no yield or less than 3 kg 22 per 667 m^(2) of M.esculenta and yield of 300-400 kg per 667 m^(2) after harvesting,respectively.Only the total potassium content increased after harvesting M.esculenta,and the total potassium content after harvesting in Xingtai and Hengshui were significantly higher than that before cultivation(15.50,18.79 g/kg),and the areas with poor yield(18.96 g/kg of Xingtai,23.55 g/kg of Hengshui)were basically the same as the areas with good yield(19.42 g/kg of Xingtai,23.91 g/kg of Hengshui),and there were no significant differences.Therefore,the consumption of available phosphorus in the growth process of M.esculenta was relatively large,while enriching the total potassium in the soil,leading to improve the level of soil fertility.In general,the detected nutrient elements in soil showed the same consumption trend in Xingtai area and Hengshui area,which provided a reference for the rational cultivation of M.esculenta.
作者
鲁铭颖
马宏
姚澜
张淑曼
张根伟
刘振国
刘昆昂
李书生
付艳菊
LU Mingying;MA Hong;YAO Lan;ZHANG Shuman;ZHANG Genwei;LIU Zhenguo;LIU Kun'ang;LI Shusheng;FU Yanju(Institute of Biology,Hebei Academy of Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050081,China)
出处
《蔬菜》
2024年第5期51-57,共7页
Vegetables
基金
河北省重点研发计划项目(22326902D)
河北省科学院科技计划项目(21311、22311、23311)。
关键词
羊肚菌
栽培
土壤
理化性质
变化规律
Morchellaesculenta
cultivation
soil
physical and chemical property
change law
