摘要
目的通过分析2017—2022年全国输入性恶性疟病例的流行病学特征,了解我国疟疾消除前后输入性恶性疟疫情变化趋势,为进一步做好境外输入性恶性疟防控工作提供数据支撑。方法收集整理寄生虫病防治信息管理系统中2017—2022年31个省(自治区、直辖市)和新疆生产建设兵团(未包括台湾、香港和澳门地区)的恶性疟个案流行病学调查表,对疫情概况、境外感染地、三间分布等进行统计和分析。结果2017—2022年全国累计报告恶性疟7026例,占疟疾病例总数64.2%(7026/10943),均为境外输入性病例,感染地分布在4个洲60个国家,以非洲国家为主。2017—2022年每月均有恶性疟报告,各月分布不均,在年初出现高峰;输入性恶性疟病例数位居前5位的地区分别为广东省(13.1%,922/7026)、江苏省(9.1%,636/7026)、山东省(8.1%,569/7026)、广西壮族自治区(7.6%,537/7026)和浙江省(7.6%,534/7026);以中国籍病例为主(占94.9%,6668/7026),男女性别比为17.2∶1。在报告的恶性疟病例中,危重症病例239例、死亡病例48例。结论在防止疟疾输入再传播阶段,虽然我国报告疟疾病例均为境外输入性病例,但恶性疟占比较高,考虑其病情复杂且发展较快,容易导致危重症甚至死亡,因此要做到及时发现、准确诊断和规范治疗疟疾病例,减少危重症或死亡。
Objective Through analyzing the epidemiological characteristics of imported Plasmodium falciparum(P.falciparum)cases in China from 2017 to 2022,to understand the trend of imported P.falciparum epidemic before and after malaria elimination,and to provide data support for further prevention and control of imported P.falciparum.Methods Epidemiological questionnaires of P.falciparum cases in 31 provinces(autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government,excluding Taiwan,Hong Kong,and Macao region)and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps were collected from the parasitic disease control information management system from 2017 to 2022,and the epidemic situation,overseas foci,and distribution of three were statistically analyzed.Results From 2017 to 2022,a total of 7026 cases of P.falciparum were reported nationwide,accounting for 64.2%(7026/10943)of the total number of cases,all of which were imported cases.The infected cases were distributed across 60 countries in 4 continents,mainly in African countries.P.falciparum was reported every month from 2017 to 2022,with uneven distribution throughout the year and a peak occurring at the beginning.The top five provinces with the highest number of P.falciparum malaria cases were Guangdong Province(13.1%,922/7026),Jiangsu Province(9.1%,636/7026),Shandong Province(8.1%,569/7026),Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(7.6%,537/7026),and Zhejiang Province(7.6%,534/7026).The majority of cases were Chinese nationals(94.9%,6668/7026),with a male-to-female ratio of 17.2∶1.Among the reported cases of P.falciparum,239 were critically ill and 48 died.Conclusions In the stage of preventing imported malaria retransmission,although all the reported malaria cases in China were imported cases,P.falciparum accounted for the high proportion.Considering the complexity and rapid progression of P.falciparum,which can lead to critical illness or even death,timely detection,accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment of malaria cases should be done to reduce critical illness or death.
作者
易博禹
夏志贵
张丽
YI Boyu;XIA Zhigui;ZHANG Li(National Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research),NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology,WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases,National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases,Shanghai 200025,China)
出处
《中国热带医学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第4期388-393,共6页
China Tropical Medicine
关键词
输入性恶性疟
流行病学特征
中国
Imported P.falciparum
epidemiological characteristics
China
