摘要
县域作为我国经济功能完整、运行独立的基本空间单元,在经济发展体系中的地位举足轻重。当下,我国大多数县域经济发展仍旧处于较低的水平,存在产业发展严重依赖于传统工业与农业、数字基础设施条件落后等多重掣肘。县域产业升级是实现县域经济高质量发展的重要动力,合理的技术应用会促进产业结构的升级进而影响经济增长,数字技术的蓬勃发展为县域发展带来了新的契机。在此背景下,探讨数字乡村建设是否会影响县域产业升级,通过何种渠道来影响,这种影响效应又是否会因县域经济发展水平不同而存在异质性,这一系列问题的解答对理论与实践都具有重大意义。目前关于数字乡村建设与县域产业结构升级关系的研究尚未形成一致结论,由于变量度量指标、样本观测期、理论基础的不同而有所区别。文章将北京大学新农村发展研究院和阿里研究院共同发布的县域数字乡村指数数据与中国县级层面相关数据进行匹配,最终得到2018—2020年涵盖中国1094个县(市)的面板数据,运用面板固定效应模型实证考察数字乡村建设水平对产业结构影响的总效应,并进一步开展了作用机制以及异质性效应讨论。实证结果表明:从全样本层面看,数字乡村建设能够显著促进产业结构升级转型,在进行内生性问题、替换解释变量和被解释变量、剔除特殊样本等多种稳健性检验后,该结果依然成立;从作用机制来看,数字乡村建设通过提升居民创业活跃度和收入水平促进了县域产业结构升级;异质性分析表明,数字乡村建设对中国东北、中部地区产业升级的正向效应更为明显。综合以上结果,文章提出了继续推动县域地区数字建设水平和数字应用水平、加强县域居民数字素养的培养、激发数字乡村建设的就业促进效应、发挥数字技术在经济欠发达地区的后发优势等政策建议。文章的主要贡献在于运用县域数字乡村指数科学且直观地衡量县域数字建设水平,以县域这一更加细微的尺度探讨了数字乡村建设和产业升级之间的关系,丰富现有研究,为政府加快推进数字乡村建设、实现乡村产业振兴和共同富裕目标提供指导。
As the basic spatial unit of China's economy with complete economic functions and independent operation,counties play a crucial role in the economic development system.Currently,most county-level economies in China are still at a relatively low level,facing multiple constraints such as heavy reliance on traditional industries and agriculture,and inadequate digital infrastructure.Upgrading county-level industries is an important driving force for achieving high-quality economic development.The vigorous development of digital technology brings new opportunities for county-level development.In this background,it is important to explore whether digital rural development will impact the upgrading of county-level industries,through which channels it will influence,and whether these effects will vary due to different levels of county-level economic development.The answers to these questions hold significant theoretical and practical implications.However,research on the relationship between digital village construction and county-level industrial structure upgrading has not yet reached a consensus,due to differences in variable measurement indicators,sample observation periods,and theoretical foundations.We match the county-level digital rural index data jointly released by the Peking University's Institute of New Rural Development and Alibaba Research Institute with relevant data in the county level in China.It ultimately obtains panel data covering 1094 counties(cities)in China from 2018 to 2020.By employing a panel fixed-effects model,it empirically investigates the overall effect of the level of digital rural development on industrial structure and further discusses the mechanisms and heterogeneity effects.The empirical results show that,from the perspective of the entire sample,digital village construction significantly promotes the upgrading and transformation of industrial structure.Even after conducting various robustness tests such as endogeneity issues,replacement of explanatory variable and dependent variables,and excluding special samples,this result keeps the same as the baseline.In terms of the mechanism,digital village construction promotes the upgrading of county-level industrial structure by enhancing residents'entrepreneurial activities and income.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that the positive effect of digital rural development on industrial upgrading is more pronounced in the northeast and central regions of China.Based on the above results,the article proposes several policy recommendations,including promoting the level of digital construction and application in county-level areas,strengthening the cultivation of digital literacy among county residents,stimulating the employment-promoting effects of digital village construction,and leveraging the advantages of digital technology in underdeveloped economic regions.The main contribution of this article lies in the use of the county-level digital rural index to measure the level of digital construction at the county level scientifically and intuitively.By exploring the relationship between digital rural development and industrial upgrading at a finer scale of counties,it enriches existing research and provides guidance for the government to accelerate digital transformation in counties and realize rural revitalization and common prosperity.
作者
斯丽娟
辛雅儒
SI Lijuan;XIN Yaru(School of Economics,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,P.R.China)
出处
《重庆大学学报（社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期1-15,共15页
Journal of Chongqing University(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“低碳发展对中国西北地区经济格局的影响效应研究”(72373060)。
关键词
数字乡村建设
县域产业升级
创业活跃度
居民收入
digital village construction
county-level industrial upgrading
entrepreneurial activity
resident income
