摘要
对中国偏远农村地区正在运行的不同工艺类型的小型热处理设施炉渣的理化特征及重金属污染特性进行了评估,研究发现生活垃圾小型热处理设施底渣的热灼减率均在5%以下,相较于采用热解技术的热处理设施底渣,采用焚烧工艺的热处理设施底渣的热灼减率更低,达到0.70%,生活垃圾减容程度更高。主要晶体成分包括方解石、石英等。底渣和飞灰中的部分重金属含量高于《土壤环境质量农用地土壤污染风险管控标准(试行)》(GB 15618—2018)中pH为5.5~6.5下的风险筛选值,未经妥善处理直接进入土壤环境可能会引起重金属污染问题。此外,底渣中的As、Se、Ba、Cu、Cr、Zn具有一定的生物有效性,而相比于底渣,飞灰中的重金属有效态所占比例较高,重金属生物有效性更高,对环境造成污染的潜在风险更大。
The physicochemical properties and heavy metal pollution characteristics of slag from small scale thermal treatment facilities operating in remote rural areas in China were evaluated comprehensively.It was found that the thermal reduction rate of bottom ash from small scale thermal treatment facilities was consistently below 5%.Notably,facilities utilizing incineration technology exhibited a lower heat reduction rate of 0.70%compared to those using pyrolysis technology,indicating a more significant reduction in domestic solid waste volume.The main crystal components included calcite,quartz,etc.However,the content of certain heavy metals in both bottom ash and fly ash exceeded the limit values for pH 5.5 to 6.5 as outlined in the“Soil environmental quality-risk control standard for soil contamination of agricultural land”(GB 15618-2018).This suggested that the direct introduction of untreated fly ash and bottom ash into the soil could lead to potential heavy metal pollution.Furthermore,elements such as arsenic,selenium,barium,copper,chromium,and zinc in the bottom ash demonstrated a degree of bioavailability.When compared to bottom ash,fly ash showed a higher proportion of bioavailable heavy metals,indicating a greater potential environmental pollution risk.
作者
闫政序
聂小琴
李子富
郭含文
李旭
白彬杰
YAN Zhengxu;NIE Xiaoqin;LI Zifu;GUO Hanwen;LI Xu;BAI Binjie(China Urban Construction Design&Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100120;School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083)
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期650-658,共9页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
北京市科技计划项目(No.Z181100002418016)。
关键词
农村生活垃圾
炉渣
小型热处理设施
重金属
rural domestic solid waste
slag
small scale thermal treatment facility
heavy meatal
