摘要
全球能源领域正在发生巨大变革,传统国际油公司纷纷布局新能源,向绿色低碳方向转型。储能具有能量存储与灵活调度等功能,在油气田风光发电的电源侧、电力输送的电网侧以及油气行业上中下游的用户侧存在众多应用场景,将发挥重要作用。文章研究梳理了储能行业发展态势及各类先进储能技术的特点与成熟度,探讨了油气行业所需的低成本、高安全、耐宽温、大容量等先进储能技术类型,提出了当前在技术成本、容量和规模、循环寿命和可靠性、地理限制和环境影响、法规和政策支持等方面面临的挑战。在对国际油气与能源公司的储能布局调研分析的基础上,按小规模(<1MW/1MW·h)、中等规模(1MW/1MW·h~100MW/100MW·h)、大规模(>100MW/100MW·h)对油气行业储能需求进行分类。“十三五”以来,中国石油储能在钛酸锂电池、水系锌离子电池、液流电池等电化学储能技术以及盐穴压缩空气、飞轮储能为主的物理储能技术等方面取得了系列创新成果。面对储能技术路线多样、迭代迅速和产业链长等特点,油气企业需依托自身需求与特色应用场景以推动储能业务发展。具体建议:发挥储能的纽带作用,加速油气行业与新能源融合发展;发展符合油气行业需求的特色储能技术,快速形成标准体系;加强跨学科人才培养力度,培养适应油气行业储能技术发展的工程技术人才;发挥储能在未来综合能源系统中的核心作用,支撑油气企业向综合性能源公司转型。
Significant changes are taking place in global energy sector.Traditional international oil and gas companies have made their plans to transform towards green and low-carbon energy.Energy storage has functions such as energy storage and flexible scheduling,and there are a number of application scenarios,such as the wind and solar power supply side in oil and gas fields,the power grid side of power transmission,and the user side of the upstream,midstream and downstream sectors of the petroleum industry,thus playing an important role.This paper studies and elaborates the development trend of energy storage industry as well as the characteristics and maturity of various advanced energy storage technologies.It also discusses the low-cost,high-safety,temperature-resistant and large-capacity energy storage technologies that are needed in the oil and gas industry.In addition,the paper also puts forward the current challenges currently faced in terms of technological cost,capacity and scale,cycling life and reliability,geographical limitation and environmental impacts,and regulatory and policy support.Based on investigation and analysis of energy storage distributed by international oil and gas companies and energy companies,the energy storage demands of the oil and gas industry is classified according to small-scale(<1MW/1MW·h),middle-scale(1MW/1MW·h-100MW/100MW·h),and large-scale(>100MW/100MW·h).Since the 13th Five-year Plan,CNPC has made a series of innovative achievements in electrochemical energy storage,such as lithium titanate battery,aqueous zinc ion battery and flow battery,and physical energy storage,such as salt-cavern compressed air and flywheel energy storage.Faced with the diverse routes,rapid iteration and long industrial chain of energy storage technology,the oil and gas enterprises should promote energy storage business development according to their own demands and featured application scenarios.The paper also proposes several specific suggestions.First,accelerate the integration between the oil and gas industry and new energy industry,using energy storage technology as a link.Second,develop characteristic energy storage technologies that meet the needs of the oil and gas industry,and quickly establish the system of standards.Third,it is necessary to strengthen the cultivation of interdisciplinary talents,and cultivate the engineering professionals that can adapt themselves to energy storage technological development in the oil and gas industry.Finally,it is necessary for energy storage technologies to play the key role in the future comprehensive energy system,to support the transition of oil and gas enterprises into integrated energy companies.
作者
王晓琦
白盛池
杨瑞
温文
冯进千
班凡生
蒋龙
杨双业
王建川
计东东
王生春
张琳
熊俐慧
余晖迪
柳笛
李轶衡
Wang Xiaoqi;Bai Shengchi;Yang Rui;Wen Wen;Feng Jinqian;Ban Fansheng;Jiang Long;Yang Shuangye;Wang Jianchuan;Ji Dongdong;Wang Shengchun;Zhang Lin;Xiong Lihui;Yu Huidi;Liu Di;Li Yiheng(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;CNPC Engineering Technology R&D Company Limited,Beijing 102206,China;CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710017,China;CNPC Baoji Oilfield Machinery Co.Ltd.,Baoji 721002,China;Xi’an Baomei Electrical Industry Co.Ltd.,Xi’an 710075,China;CNPC Jichai Power Co.Ltd.,Jinan 250306,China)
出处
《石油科技论坛》
2024年第2期70-82,94,共14页
PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FORUM
基金
中国石油天然气集团有限公司基础性前瞻性课题“电化学高效储能与规模应用示范研究”(编号:2021DJ5401)
中国石油勘探开发研究院科学研究与技术开发项目“长寿命高安全性大规模电化学储能材料研究与应用”(编号:YGJ2019-17)。
关键词
新型储能
电化学储能
物理储能
钛酸锂电池
水系离子电池
advanced energy storage
electrochemical energy storage
physical energy storage
lithium titanate battery
aqueous zinc ion battery
