摘要
为探究不同下垫面结构下喀斯特地区的洪涝演化特征,基于贵州省1980~2020年降雨数据计算降水Z指数,利用系统聚类法划分贵州省下垫面结构,分析其洪涝时空演化特征,并探讨下垫面主导影响因子。结果表明:(1)贵州省下垫面可划分为深切割岩溶较强发育谷地区、浅切割岩溶中等发育谷地区、深切割非岩溶洼地区、浅切割岩溶强烈发育谷地区。(2) 1980~2020年贵州省呈变涝趋势,大涝发生次数较多;空间上整体呈东南高、西北低的分布格局,以大涝、重涝偏多,但各亚区空间分布特征不同。(3)不同下垫面条件对洪涝影响由大到小依次为地形地貌>岩溶发育强度>地表切割深度;各级洪涝在不同下垫面条件下均出现概率性转移,转移现象较活跃。研究成果可为喀斯特流域防洪减灾提供参考。
To investigate the characteristics of flood evolution in karst area under different underlying surface structure,based on the rainfall data of Guizhou Province from 1980 to 2020,a Z-index of precipitation was calculated,and the underlying surface structure of Guizhou Province was divided by using the systematic clustering method.The spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of flood and waterlogging were analyzed,and the dominant influencing factors of the underlying surface were discussed.The results showed that:①The underlying surface of Guizhou Province can be divided into deep-cutting karst strong development valley area,shallow-cutting karst medium development valley area,deep-cutting non-karst depression area,and shallow-cutting karst strong development valley area.②The flood in Guizhou Province showed a trend of more waterlogging from 1980 to 2020,with large floods occurring more;the spatial distribution pattern of the Z-index was high in the southeast and low in the northwest,with more large floods and severe floods,but the spatial distribution characteristics of the subregions were different.③The influence of each underlying surface condition on the flood was sequenced as topography and landform>karst development intensity>surface cutting depth.All levels of flood showed probabilistic transfer under different underlying surface structures,and the transfer phenomenon was active.The results of the study can provide a scientific basis for flood prevention and disaster mitigation in karst basins.
作者
谭红梅
贺中华
顾小林
许明金
王茂强
杨树平
TAN Hongmei;HE Zhonghua;GU Xiaolin;XU Mingjin;WANG Maoqiang;YANG Shuping(School of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Guizhou Normal University School,Guiyang 550001,China;Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Application of Mountain Resources and Environment,Guiyang 550001,China;Guizhou Provincial Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau,Guiyang 550002,China)
出处
《人民长江》
北大核心
2024年第5期33-42,共10页
Yangtze River
基金
贵州省水利厅自然科学基金项目(KT202237)
国家自然科学基金项目(U1612441,41471032)。
