摘要
为探索设施连作西瓜土壤微生态环境变化,通过高通量测序对连作组(连作10年设施西瓜土壤)和对照组(连作10年设施西瓜棚外相同土质的露天西瓜土壤)样品进行测序分析,比较2组土壤细菌和真菌的群落结构差异,测定土壤理化性质及酶活性。结果表明,连作组土壤pH、铵态氮、速效钾、微生物量碳、土壤酶活性极显著低于对照,而硝态氮和有效磷极显著高于对照组。连作组土壤中细菌ACE指数和Chaol指数均极显著高于对照组,土壤中真菌ACE指数、Chaol指数、Simpson指数和Shannon指数均低于对照组。土壤微生物优势物种组成改变,连作组土壤细菌变形菌门、芽单胞菌门、绿弯菌门及硝化螺旋菌门相对丰度较对照组分别增加了9.80%、20.83%、21.76%和27.12%(P<0.05),而酸杆菌门和疣微菌门较对照组分别减少了21.7%和26.27%(P<0.05);连作组土壤真菌子囊菌门相对丰度较对照组增加了10.96%(P<0.05),担子菌门和罗兹菌门的相对丰度分别较对照组减少了13.42%和93.77%(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,优势菌门除Latescibacteria和己科河菌门丰度与所有土壤环境因子相关性均不显著外,其他优势菌群都与所测土壤环境因子(有机质除外)存在密切相关关系,土壤pH、铵态氮、有效磷、速效钾是影响土壤中微生物群落的主要因素,担子菌门和绿弯菌门能够指示土壤微生物量,微生物群落结构的变化对土壤酶活性有较大的影响。综上,设施西瓜连作10年土壤理化性质、酶活性及微生物群落结构皆显著变化,西瓜连作障碍是多种因素综合作用的结果。
In order to reveal the changes of soil micro-ecological environment of continuous cropping watermelon in greenhouse,high-throughput sequencing was used to sequence and analyze the soil samples of continuous cropping group(soil of continuous cropping watermelon in greenhouse for ten years)and control group(soil of open-air cropping watermelon soil with the same texture as the soil around continuous cropping watermelon in greenhouse for ten years).The community structure of soil bacteria and fungi between two groups were compared,and the soil physicochemical properties and enzyme activity were determine.The results showed that soil pH,ammonium nitrogen,available potassium,microbial biomass carbon and soil enzyme activity in continuous cropping group were significantly lower than those in control group,while nitrate nitrogen and available phosphorus were significantly higher than those in control group.The ACE index and Chao1 index of bacteria in soil of continuous cropping group were significantly higher than those of control group.The ACE index,Chao1 index,Simpson index and Shannon index of fungi in soil of continuous cropping group were lower than those of control group.The dominant species composition of soil bacteria and fungi changed.In bacteria,compared to the control,the relative abundance of Proteobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes,Chloroflexi and Nitrospirae in the continuous cropping group increased by 9.80%,20.83%,21.76%and 27.12%,respectively(P<0.05),Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia reduced by 21.7%and 26.27%,respectively(P<0.05).In fungi,the relative abundance of Ascomycota increased by 10.96%(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Basidiomycota and Rozellomycota decreased by 13.42%and 93.77%(P<0.05),respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the dominant bacteria except Latescibacteria and Rokubacteria were not significantly correlated with all soil environmental factors,and other dominant bacteria were closely related to the measured soil environmental factors(except organic matter).Soil pH,ammonium nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium were the main factors affecting soil microbial community.Basidiomycetes and Chloroflexi could indicate soil microbial biomass.The change of microbial community structure had a great influence on enzyme activity.In summary,the soil physical and chemical properties,enzyme activity,bacterial and fungal community structure changed significantly after 10 years of continuous cropping of watermelon in greenhouse.Continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon in greenhouse was the result of many factors.
作者
姚丽娟
田春丽
王立河
杜君
校彦赟
远兵强
YAO Li-juan;TIAN Chun-li;WANG Li-he;DU Jun;XIAO Yan-yun;YUAN Bing-qiang(Henan Vocational College of Agriculture,Zhongmu Henan 451450;Institute of Plant Nutrition,Agricultural Resources and Environmental Science,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou Henan 450002)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期70-78,共9页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
河南农业职业学院科研创新团队项目《生态高值农业设施环境调控科研创新团队》,项目编号:HNACKT-2020-06
河南省高等职业学校青年骨干教师培养项目《设施农业土壤微生态环境调控措施研究》,项目编号:2020GZGG001。
关键词
设施西瓜
连作
高通量测序技术
土壤细菌
土壤真菌
watermelon in greenhouse
continuous cropping
high-throughput sequencing technology
soil bacteria
soil fungi
