摘要
与其他主要的可再生能源相比,地热能是唯一能够提供基本负载电力的能源。干热岩是指不含原生水或含少量水的高温深部岩体,可通过水力刺激改造形成增强型地热系统储层,从而提取数量可观的地热能。干热岩型地热资源的开发面临两方面主要技术挑战,一是花岗岩和玄武岩等极坚硬岩石对机械钻速的限制,二是钻井所处地层温度超过随钻测量和旋转导向等工具电子设备的运行温度上限。近年来,美国能源部资助的FORGE计划犹他州项目为测试新的钻头技术和优化钻井作业流程提供了机会,以逐步提升机械钻速并降低钻井成本。本文综述了美国能源部地热技术办公室近年发展规划中对地热钻井技术研发的部署,重点分析了犹他州项目在钻井实践过程中对基于物理限制因素重新设计的工作流程的应用,总结了美国能源部围绕地热钻井技术开展的多次规划编制以及部署实施的相关项目涉及的主要领域,以及犹他州项目在探索和实践钻井作业流程优化方面取得的认识。
Geothermal energy is the only base load power among the major renewable energy sources.Hot dry rock(HDR)is a high temperature rock mass buried in the deep earth without connate water or with a little water,which can form an enhanced geothermal system reservoir through hydraulic stimulation,and a considerable amount of geothermal energy can be extracted.There are two main technological challenges associated with the development of HDR geothermal resource,i.e.,very hard rock,such as granite or basalt limits the rate of penetration(ROP),and the temperature of the drilling system exceeds the operational limits of electronic tools like measurement while drilling(MWD)and steerable rotary tools.In recent years,the Utah FORGE project funded by the U.S.Department of Energy(DOE)provided an opportunity to test new drill bit technology and optimize drilling procedures to deliver a step change in ROP performance and drilling cost reduction.In this paper,the deployment of geothermal drilling technology R&D in the recent development plan of DOE Geothermal Technology Office is reviewed,the application of the redesign workflows based on physical limits in the drilling practice of the Utah project is selective analyzed,and the main areas covered by the multiple plans and projects funded by DOE in terms of geothermal drilling technology as well as the lessons learned from the Utah project in exploring and practicing drilling operation optimization are summarized.
作者
张炜
王海华
翁炜
姚树青
邵明娟
ZHANG Wei;WANG Haihua;WENG Wei;YAO Shuqing;SHAO Mingjuan(GEO-Documentation Center,CGS,Beijing 100083,China;China Geological Library,Beijing 100083,China;Beijing Institute of Exploration Engineering,Beijing 100083,China)
出处
《钻探工程》
2024年第3期1-8,共8页
Drilling Engineering
基金
中国地质调查局地质调查项目“地球科学文献知识服务与决策支撑”(编号:DD20230139)
“清洁能源情报跟踪与研究”(编号:DD20230602)。
关键词
干热岩型地热资源
增强型地热系统
地热能前沿瞭望台研究计划
机械比能
钻压
转速
PDC钻头
HDR geothermal resources
enhanced geothermal energy(EGS)
Frontier Observatory for Research in Geothermal Energy(FORGE)
mechanical specific energy(MSE)
weight on bit(WOB)
revolutions per minute(RPM)
polycrystalline diamond compact(PDC)bit
