摘要
采空诱发的山体崩滑是煤矿山区常见的一类灾害形式,为明确采动作用下采空山体的变形失稳模式,对典型采空控制型滑坡进行现场调查,采用颗粒离散元方法模拟单层采空与三层采空两种工况下反倾煤层斜坡的失稳破坏过程,并对斜坡变形过程中裂纹扩展及岩体破碎特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)单层开挖工况中,煤层开挖后顶板区域会产生拱圈型的变形带并随之演化为冒落岩体,多层开挖的采空区间隔岩体则会发生弯曲状沉陷垮落,形成大面积的岩体破碎;(2)不同开挖工况下,冒落带形成及应力重分布初期,斜坡内部裂纹演化及岩体破碎皆较为缓慢,顶板冒落及岩层弯曲断裂阶段为岩体断裂破碎的关键阶段;(3)反倾煤层采空控制型山体失稳模式主要为煤层采空-顶板拱圈状冒落-内部岩层弯曲沉陷-后缘拉裂破碎-坡脚锁固区失效-破碎岩体浅层滑动。研究结果为采空控制型斜坡失稳机理分析提供了新的方向,为矿区滑坡灾害的防治提供了科学依据。
Mining-induced landslides are a common form of disaster in the mountainous areas of coal mines.To clarify the deformation and failure patterns of such slopes under the mining action,the particle discrete element method was employed to simulate the destabilization damage process of the anticline coal seam slope under two conditions,single-seam mining and three-seam mining,and analyze the characteristics of crack expansion and rock fragmentation during slope deformation,based on the field investigation of typical mining-controlled landslides.The results show that:(1)In a single-seam condition,an arch-ring type deformation zone is created in the roof area after the coal seam is excavated and evolves into a fallen rock body;while the rock body at the interval of multi-layer excavation will be bent sink collapse,forming a large area of rock fragmentation.(2)Under different excavation conditions,the internal crack evolution and rock fragmentation of the slope are slow at the beginning of the formation of the fall zone and stress redistribution.The stage of roof emergence and rock bending fracture is the main stage of rock fracture and fragmentation.(3)The anti-inclined coal seam mining-controlled mountain failure pattern is mainly manifested as follows:Coal seam mining→Arch-loop-like fall of the roof→Bending and sinking of the internal rock→Pulling and breaking of the trailing edge→Failure of the locking zone at the foot of the slope→Shallow sliding of the fragmented rock.This study provides a new direction for the analysis of the destabilization mechanism of mining-controlled slopes and scientific guidance for the prevention and control of landslide hazards in mining areas.
作者
马杰
何开明
常文斌
邢爱国
MA Jie;HE Kaiming;CHANG Wenbin;XING Aiguo(Sichuan Institute of Building Reserach,Chengdu,Sichuan 610081,China;State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering(Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Shanghai 200240,China)
出处
《水文地质工程地质》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期171-179,共9页
Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology
基金
国家重点研发计划课题(2018YFC1504804)。
关键词
采矿诱发
山体崩滑
岩体破碎
失稳模式
离散元
mining-induced
collapse and landslide
rock fragmentation
failure pattern
discrete element method
