摘要
藏语专书语言研究是研究藏语发展史的基础,而专书语法研究是建立新的藏语语法理论的重要途径和专题语法研究的重要依据。然而,到目前为止,探讨专书语法研究的重要性及对其现状进行分析研究的相关成果却微乎其微。就藏语专书语法研究成果作一比较全面、系统的整理分析与总结,通过文献类型和时间脉络来梳理分类,并对其进行一定的数据分析,以期清晰反映藏文文献语法研究的现状和发展脉络。目前对专书或具体文献语言的语法研究,从研究对象看,所涉及的文献有《拔协》《西藏王统记》《米拉热巴传》《贤愚经》《霍玲大战》等十余部外,对17世纪以后的专书语法研究方面鲜有专门系统的著述闻世。从研究内容看,一方面,所涉及范围在不断拓宽;另一方面,仍存在着比例失调的问题。研究虚词的文章较多,占专书语法研究文章总数的半数以上,这类文章所讨论的大都是古藏文文献中属格、作格及部分与格,且只涉及格助词形式上的一些特征变化,至于虚词的来源和语法化的过程、语法功能的分类上的细化等研究方面还颇需继续努力。虽然这些年研究实词的文章呈上升趋势,但在实词的语用功能和语法化研究等全局相比,无论是广度还是深度,都较为浅显。句法研究方面整体上也是呈上升趋势,但与词类相比明显失去了平衡。其中语篇或语段分析研究尤显欠缺,大多局限于简单句和复杂句等。当然,对这些问题的研究是十分必要的,且具有永久性的研究价值,要想比较彻底理清藏语语法的历史演变,断代专书语法研究是不可或缺的方法之一。
The study of the language of Specialized Books in Tibetan is the basis for the study of the development history of the Tibetan language,and the study of the grammar of Specialized Books is an important way to establish a new Tibetan grammar theory and an important basis for thematic grammar research.However,so far,there have been very few achievements in exploring the importance of Specialized Books grammar research and analyzing its current situation.This article analyzes and studies the achievements of grammar research in Tibetan Specialized Books,and draws the following conclusions:From the perspective of research objects,there are only more than 10 studies on the grammar of Specialized Books or specific literature languages,which is very rare.most of them involve a part of the 8th to 17th century,while modern and contemporary Specialized Books grammar after the 17th century has not yet been studied.From the perspective of research content,on the one hand,the scope involved is constantly expanding;On the other hand,there is still a problem of proportional imbalance.There are many articles on function words,accounting for more than half of the total number of grammar research articles in the special book.Most of these articles discuss the genitive,ergative,and dative in ancient Tibetan literature,and only involve some changes in the form of characteristics.As for the research on the source of function words,the process of Grammaticalization,and the refinement of the classification of grammatical functions,there is still much to be done.
作者
多杰吉
多杰东智
Dorje Kyi;Dorje Dondrup(the Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Northwest Minzu University)
出处
《青海师范大学学报（藏文版）》
2024年第2期94-107,共14页
Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Tibetan language)
基金
2022年度甘肃省优秀研究生科研创新项目“敦煌古藏文与安多方言语法比较研究”(022CXZX-183)。
关键词
藏语专书文献
语法现状
问题分析
Specialized Books in Tibetan
grammar
present situation
problem
