摘要
本文以语义语法为理论依据,从话语、句子到同现成分由大到小的逻辑顺序,还原出副词“总得”的“势转必行”话语关联及其“无奈、祈求”的情态意义。首先,根据“总得”与“必须”的句法分布差异,提出不能简单地用“必须”释义“总得”;其次,从普适性、明确性、真实性和确实性四个角度提取并正反验证“总得”的“外转内让”逻辑关联和“势转必行”话语关联;第三,正反定位必行副词“总得”分布于陈述句和“吧”字问的状位;第四,根据句法分布和同现成分,准确提取并形式验证“总得”组配行为具有动行义、低量义、肯定义、必将义四种语义特征;最后,分析并解释“总得”两种情态取向:无奈与祈求。
Based on the semantic grammar,the paper aims to find out the discourse meaning of“zongdei”and explore modal meanings of reluctance and impetration.Firstly,it is presented that we cannot simply use“bixu”to define“zongdei”due to their differently syntactic distribution.Secondly,the logical relation of adverse condition and the obligatory meaning are explored and verified in respect of universality,clarity,truth,accurateness of“zongdei”.Thirdly,it shows that“zongdei”functions as adverbial in declaratives and sentences ended by particle“ba”.Fourthly,the four types semantic collocations are discussed and verified,i.e.obligation,marginalization,positivity and futurity.Finally,the modal meanings of reluctance and impetration are analyzed and illustrated.
作者
赵春利
王凯
ZHAO Chun-li;WANG Kai(School of Chinese and Literature,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510632)
出处
《汉语学习》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期3-13,共11页
Chinese Language Learning
基金
国家社会科学基金一般项目“现代汉语方式副词的句法语义与分类排序研究”(项目编号:22BYY135)、国家社会科学基金一般项目“汉语情态副词的语义提取与分类验证研究”(项目编号:17BYY026)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(暨南领航计划项目编号:19JNLH04)
广东省高等学校珠江学者岗位计划资助项目(2019)
国家社科基金重大项目“境外汉语语法学史及数据库建设”(项目编号:16ZDA209)资助。
关键词
“总得”
势转必行
必行义
低量义
必将义
“zongdei”(总得)
adverse logic
obligation
marginalization
futurity
