摘要
为农田土壤修复筛选合适的镉钝化剂,通过盆栽试验,设置10个钝化剂处理:T1(矿石、纳米生物炭等)、T2(生石灰)、T3(牡蛎壳等)、T4(CaO)、T5(硅钙肥)、T6(羊粪有机肥)、T7(枯草芽孢杆菌等)、T8(猪粪有机肥)、T9(牡蛎壳)及T10(微生物等),比较研究10种钝化剂对镉污染稻田的修复效果及水稻生长的影响。结果显示,钝化剂可以提高稻田土壤的pH,并改变土壤镉的赋存形态。各处理土壤可交换态镉含量较对照下降4.6%~44.8%,其中T8(44.8%)、T6(36%)、T1(31.15%)、T10(28.4%)下降幅度较大;碳酸盐结合态含量上升;铁锰氧化物结合态及有机物结合态的含量变化不明显;残渣态镉的比例呈现上升趋势,T6处理上升幅度最大,较CK增加53.85%。各钝化剂处理水稻籽粒生物量增加5.75%~25.30%。水稻籽粒、稻壳和秸秆的Cd含量呈现秸秆>籽粒>稻壳的规律,籽粒镉含量在0.068~0.254 mg/kg,T2(0.152 mg/kg)、T5(0.143 mg/kg)、T6(0.088 mg/kg)、T7(0.126 mg/kg)、T8(0.072 mg/kg)、T9(0.068 mg/kg)和T10(0.071 mg/kg)7个钝化剂处理低于国家限量标准(0.2 mg/kg),其中T6、T8、T9、T10籽粒镉含量较CK分别下降了61.90%、68.83%、70.56%、69.26%,降幅较大。综合土壤镉形态转化、水稻生物量和籽粒镉含量来看,钝化效果较好的是T2(生石灰)、T6(羊粪有机肥)和T8(猪粪有机肥)处理。
Cadmium pollution in soil brings a serious threat to food security and human health,and the problem of cadmium pollution in paddy fields is a priority for heavy metal pollution and prevention in soil.Pot experiments were conducted to screen suitable cadmium passivators for soil remediation in farmland.10 passivators including T1(anomaterials,etc.),T2(lime),T3(oyster shells,etc.),T4(CaO),T5(silica-calcium fertilizers),T6(organic fertilizers of goat dung),T7(Bacillus cereus,etc.),T8(organic fertilizers of pig manure),T9(oyster shells),and T10(microorganisms,etc.)were used to compare the remediation effect of 10 passivators on cadmium contaminated rice paddy and the growth of rice.The results showed that passivators increased the pH of soil in rice paddy and altered the form of cadmium stored in the soil.The content of exchangeable cadmium in the soil treated with each passivator decreased by 4.6%to 44.8%compared to the control,with significant decrease in T8(44.8%),T6(36%),T1(31.15%),and T10(28.4%).The content of carbonate bound states increased.The changes in the content of Fe-Mn oxide-bound state and organic matter bound state were not significant.The proportion of residual cadmium showed an overall upward trend,with T6 having the largest increase,increasing by 53.85%compared to that of the control.The biomass of rice seeds treated with various passivators increased by 5.75%to 25.30%.The content of cadmium in the seeds,husks,and straw of rice was in the decreasing order of straw>grain>husk.The content of cadmium in the rice seeds ranged from 0.068 to 0.254 mg/kg,with T2(0.152 mg/kg),T5(0.143 mg/kg),T6(0.088 mg/kg),T7(0.126 mg/kg),T8(0.072 mg/kg),T9(0.068 mg/kg),and T10(0.071 mg/kg)being lower than the national limit standard(0.2 mg/kg).The content of cadmium in rice seeds of T6,T8,T9,and T10 significantly decreased by 61.90%,68.83%,70.56%,and 69.26%,respectively,compared to that of the control.T2,T6,and T8 had better effects of passivation based on analyzing the transformation of cadmium form in soil,rice biomass,and the content of cadmium in rice seeds.
作者
刘志豪
胡宇聪
张家鹏
高大林
张国漪
鲁洪娟
LIU Zhihao;HU Yucong;ZHANG Jiapeng;GAO Dalin;ZHANG Guoyi;LU Hongjuan(Anhui Province Key Lab of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention/College of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《华中农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期176-184,共9页
Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University
基金
农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目(FECPP201905)
安徽省大学生创新训练项目(S202110364123)
校级大学生创新训练项目(XJDC2021404)。
关键词
镉污染
钝化剂
土壤修复
镉形态
水稻
cadmium pollution
passivation
soil remediation
the form of cadmium
rice
