摘要
为明确新烟碱类杀虫剂噻虫胺种子处理对西瓜生长发育和品质的影响,以及在西瓜中的残留状况,本研究以10%噻虫胺种子处理悬浮剂为供试药剂,采用拌种试验,开展噻虫胺对西瓜生长发育的影响及残留分析研究。结果表明,噻虫胺有效成分用量100~250 g/100 kg范围内,对西瓜出苗安全;噻虫胺拌种处理对西瓜苗期的株高、茎粗、叶绿素含量和叶面积有一定的促进作用,随着西瓜的生长促进作用减弱,西瓜出苗后30 d,各处理间差异不显著;噻虫胺各处理西瓜产量均高于空白对照,对西瓜有一定的增产作用;噻虫胺拌种可不同程度地提高西瓜果实中可溶性糖、可溶性固形物含量,提升西瓜的品质;随着西瓜生长发育,叶片内噻虫胺含量逐渐降低,出苗后45 d,叶片内未检测到噻虫胺残留;西瓜收获时果实中未检测到噻虫胺残留,西瓜根部土壤中噻虫胺的残留量在0.0412~0.0975 mg/kg之间。综上所述,噻虫胺100~250 g/100 kg用量范围内处理西瓜种子,对西瓜苗期生长有一定促进作用,并可提高产量,改善西瓜的品质,叶片内噻虫胺含量随植株生长逐渐降低,果实中无残留,本研究为噻虫胺种子处理在西瓜生产实践中合理、安全、高效的应用提供技术支撑。
To elucidate the effects of seed treatment with neonicotinoid insecticide clothianidin on the growth,development,and quality of watermelon,physiological assessments of watermelon and residue analyses of clothianidin were performed using clothianidin 10%FS as the test agent.The results showed that clothianidin ranged from 100 to 250 g/100 kg was safe for emergence of watermelon seedling.Clothianidin treatment had a positive effect on plant height,stem diameter,chlorophyll content,and leaf area during the seedling stage.This positive effect weakened with the growth of plant.After seed emergence for 30 days,no significant differences were observed among treatments.Moreover,the treatment resulted in increased yields compared to the control group,and enhanced the content of soluble sugar and soluble solids in watermelon,consequently improving the quality of watermelon.As watermelon plants matured,the content of clothianidin in leaves gradually decreased,with no detectable clothianidin residue remaining 45 days after emergence.In addition,no clothianidin residue was detected in harvested fruits.The residual level of clothianidin in watermelon root soil ranged from 0.0412 to 0.0975 mg/kg.In conclusion,clothianidin seed treatment at dosages of 100-250 g/100 kg promotes the growth of watermelon at seedling stage,increases yield,and improves watermelon quality.The content of clothianidin in leaves gradual decline and no residue were determined in fruits.This study provides technical support for the reasonable,safe and efficient application of clothianidin seed treatment in watermelon production practices.
作者
姚众
季宇超
张丽萍
刘珍
范巧兰
常芳娟
张贵云
YAO Zhong;JI Yuchao;ZHANG Liping;LIU Zhen;FAN Qiaolan;CHANG Fangjuan;ZHANG Guiyun(Institute of Cotton Research,Shanxi Agricultural University,Yuncheng 044000,China)
出处
《植物保护》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期219-226,233,共9页
Plant Protection
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1002100)
运城市科技计划(YCKJ-2021051)。
关键词
噻虫胺
种子处理
生长发育
品质
残留
clothianidin
seed treatment
growth and development
quality
residue西瓜Citrullus lanatus
