摘要
本试验通过评价不同乳酸菌添加剂对天然草地牧草青贮饲料营养品质、发酵品质和菌群多样性的影响,旨在改善天然草地牧草的青贮品质。以草甸草原天然草地牧草为青贮原料,设置对照(CK)以及添加发酵黏液乳杆菌(LF)、草广泛乳杆菌(LG)、植物乳植物杆菌(LP)和布氏迟缓乳杆菌(LB)5个处理,每个处理设3个重复,贮藏60 d后取样测定其营养品质、发酵品质和细菌群落结构相关指标。结果显示:与CK处理相比,添加4种乳酸菌添加剂均不同程度地改善了天然草地牧草青贮饲料的发酵品质并减少了营养成分的损失。其中,LG处理的pH最低且乳酸含量最高,LF和LB处理的乙酸和氨态氮含量显著高于其他处理(P<0.05),各处理中均未检测到丁酸;LG处理的可溶性碳水化合物含量最高,LF和LG处理的中性洗涤纤维含量显著低于其他处理(P<0.05)。基于高通量测序发现,布氏迟缓乳杆菌、植物乳植物杆菌和发酵黏液乳杆菌是4个乳酸菌添加剂处理中丰度较高的菌种,而在CK处理中则以短促生乳杆菌和肠膜明串珠菌为主,且还存在一定比例的不良细菌。综上所述,结合营养品质、发酵品质和菌群多样性等指标综合评价,以添加草广泛乳杆菌时天然草地牧草青贮饲料的青贮品质最好。
In this study,the effects of different lactic acid bacteria additives on nutritional quality,fermentation quality and microbial diversity of natural pasture grass silage were evaluated to improve the silage quality of natural pasture grass silage.The natural pasture grass of meadow steppe was used as ensiling raw material,with five treatments of control(CK),and additions of Limosilactobacillus fermentum(LF),Latilactobacillus gra⁃minis(LG),Latilactobacillus plantarum(LP)and Lentilactobacillus buchneri(LB)treatments were set up with three replicates in each treatment,and the indicators related to nutritional quality,fermentation quality and bacterial community structure of silage samples were determined after 60 days of ensiling.The results showed that four lactic acid bacteria additives improved the fermentation quality of natural pasture grass silage and re⁃duced the loss of nutritional components to different degrees compared with the CK treatment.The LG treat⁃ment had the lowest pH and the highest lactic acid content,the acetic acid and ammoniacal nitrogen contents of the LF and LB treatments were significantly higher than of the other treatments(P<0.05),and butyric acid was not detected in all treatments.LG treatment had the highest content of water⁃soluble carbohydrate,and neutral detergent fiber content of the LF and LG treatments was significantly lower than that of the other treat⁃ments(P<0.05).Based on high⁃throughput sequencing,it was found that the abundances of Lentilactobacillus buchneri,Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Limosilactobacillus fermentum were higher in the lactic acid bacte⁃ria additive treatments,while the abundances of Levilactobacillus brevis and Leuconostoc mesenteroides was higher in the CK treatment,and there was also a certain proportion of undesirable bacteria.In summary,com⁃bined with the comprehensive evaluation of the indicators of nutritional quality,fermentation quality and bacte⁃rial diversity,the silage quality of natural pasture grass silage is the best when Latilactobacillus graminis is added.
作者
赵牧其尔
包健
王志军
都帅
刘健良
邹雨琪
潘泽宇
贾玉山
格根图
ZHAO Muqier;BAO Jian;WANG Zhijun;DU Shuai;LIU Jianliang;ZOU Yuqi;PAN Zeyu;JIA Yushan;GE Gentu(Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation and the Processing and Highly Efficient Utilization of the Ministry of Agriculture,College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010019,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期3352-3362,共11页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0111000-3)
国家牧草产业技术体系(CARS-34)。
关键词
天然草地牧草
乳酸菌
青贮品质
微生物多样性
natural pasture grass
lactic acid bacteria
silage quality
microbial diversity
