摘要
基于种群生态学理论,将黄河流域971个国家级特色保护类村庄视作一个地理种群。综合GIS空间分析和数理统计方法,明晰这一种群的分布动态和生境选择特征,进而应用地理探测器对比揭示影响该种群分布的生态因子。结果表明:(1)黄河流域特色保护类村庄的分布密度随种群增长而大幅提高,分布模式随尺度变大由显著聚集转为不显著离散,分布格局随时间推移由多中心向单中心演化,但集聚中心一直位于河谷盆地;(2)黄河流域特色保护类村庄具有“聚中低山区、向阳坡斜坡、喜温暖湿润、近黄河干流”的偏好,趋向中等人口密度、经济欠发达地区分布,主要位于国道沿线30 km、省道沿线10 km、中心城市周边20~80 km、历史城镇周边60 km、旅游景区和文保单位周边20 km范围内;(3)影响特色保护类村庄种群分布的生态因子具有综合性、非等价性和限定性,在黄河流域以文保单位和海拔为主导。
Based on the theory of population ecology,971 national-level characteristic protection villages in the Yellow River Basin were regarded as one geographic population.Based on GIS spatial analysis and mathematical statistics method,the distribution dynamics and habitat selection characteristics of the population were clarified,and then the ecological factors affecting the distribution of this geographic population were revealed by comparing with geographic detectors.The result shows that:(1)The distribution density of characteristic protection villages in the Yellow River Basin increased significantly with population growth,the distribution pattern changed from significant aggregation to insignificant dispersion with the increase of scale,and the distribution pattern evolved from multicenter to monocenter over time,but the agglomeration center was always located in the valley basin.(2)The characteristic protection villages in the Yellow River Basin have the preferences of"gathering in the middle and low mountains,facing the sunny slope slopes,liking warmth and wetness,being close to the main stream of the Yellow River",and tend to be distributed in areas with medium population density and economically undeveloped areas.It is mainly located within 30 km along the national highway,10 km along the provincial highway,20~80 km around the center city,60 km around the historic town,and 20 km around thetourist attractions and cultural preservation units.(3)The ecological factors influencing the population distribution of characteristic protected villages are comprehensive,non-equivalent and limited,and are dominated by cultural preservation units and altitude in the Yellow River Basin.
作者
王玲
芮旸
罗飞
孙玮鸿
WANG Ling;RUI Yang;LUO Fei;SUN Weihong(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China;Yellow River Institute of Shaanxi Province,Northwest University,Xi'an 710127,China)
出处
《西北大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期500-512,共13页
Journal of Northwest University（Natural Science Edition）
基金
国家自然科学基金(42201222)
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(23XJCZH013)。
关键词
特色保护类村庄
地理种群
空间分布
生境选择
黄河流域
characteristic protection villages
geographic population
spatial distribution
habitat selection
Yellow River Basin
