摘要
在当前的新形势下,科技外交在应对全球性挑战及地缘政治和国际关系中的作用愈加重要。科技外交运用科技和创新国际合作作为软实力工具,建立和改善与其他国家及地区的关系,当国家间的其他直接关系遭遇困境和挫折时,科技外交仍可充当国家间保持彼此联系的桥梁作用。科技外交包括在国际关系决策中需要明确考虑科学知识和科学建议,为便利国际科技合作和人员交流、促进国内创新而采取的外交政策活动,以及促进与其他国家关系的合作性科技活动等三重功能,国家利益是科技外交的主要驱动力。欧盟及其成员国和美国都重视科技在决策系统和外交政策中的作用,从早期增设使馆科技专员到任命美国国务卿和欧盟对外行动署的科技顾问再到向海外派驻科技大使,资助科技外交研究和培训等,不少做法值得借鉴。我国应在完善国家科技决策咨询机制、建立既精通科技又具有外交知识和技能的人才储备和人才培养及培训机制、鼓励参加国际性科技外交研究和实践交流合作网络等方面加强科技外交工作,制定科技外交战略。
Science&technology diplomacy becomes much more important under the new situation when facing global challenges,geopolitics and international relations.It uses international science&technology cooperation as the tool of soft power to establish and improve relations with other countries and it can still play a role as a bridge between countries when their direct relationship in difficulty and setback.Science&technology diplomacy functions in three ways including clear considerations of scientific advices in making decisions concerned international relations,diplomatic policies to facilitate international science&technology cooperation and communication,and the collaborative science&technology activities aiming to promote relations with other countries.National interests act as the key drivers for science&technology diplomacy.Both European Union and the United States pay high attention to the role of science and technology in decision-making system and diplomatic policies,from creating the post of science&technology attache in the embassy,nominating the Science&Technology Adviser for foreign affairs,accrediting science&technology ambassadors overseas and financing researches and trainings.Many practices could be used for reference.For our country,we should develop the national strategy for science&technology diplomacy by improving a national consultation system of science and technology,establishing the talent reserve and encouraging to participate in the international research and experience exchange networks for science&technology diplomacy.
作者
孙艳
SUN Yan(Institute of European Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100732,China)
出处
《中国软科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期27-38,共12页
China Soft Science
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“欧盟的创新系统模式及对我国的借鉴研究”(18BGJ054)。
关键词
科技外交
国家利益
科技政策的外交维度
软实力
国际关系
science&technology diplomacy
national interests
external dimension of science&technology policies
soft power
international relations
