摘要
目的了解国内小儿套囊型气管插管的设计情况,比较不同气管插管深度放置策略下5种品牌插管尖端和套囊的放置情况。方法选择2020年10月至2021年12月天津市儿童医院收治的180例年龄1~~6岁,行全身麻醉气管插管的患儿作为研究对象,通过电子支气管镜测量患儿声门下气道长度。收集5种品牌(美迪斯、柯惠、坦帕、瑞京、维力)小儿套囊型气管插管设计参数,包括:气管插管套囊长度、气管插管尖端至套囊上缘的距离、气管插管尖端至声带线下缘的距离。根据Motoyama公式计算180例患儿所需的套囊型气管插管内径(ID)型号,应用3种指导气管插管深度放置策略:①声带线指导;②管尖置于隆突上2cm;③管尖置于气道中点,根据支气管镜下测量的声带与隆突的距离,计算每例患儿3种策略下不同品牌气管插管套囊和尖端放置情况。结果5种品牌小儿套囊型气管插管设计参数存在差异。根据计算:声带线指导下,插管尖端与隆突距离<1cm的放置率为3.9%~67.8%,支气管插管发生率最高的为瑞京,可达17.8%。将插管尖端放置于隆突上2cm,5种品牌气管插管尖端和套囊均无放置不当情况。将插管尖端置于气道中点,除维力品牌外,其余4种品牌声门上和声门下区域总的套囊放置率均为100%。结论小儿套囊型气管插管不同品牌在设计上存在差异,部分设计存在导致气道并发症的风险。指导气管插管放置的策略和插管品牌都会影响气管插管的放置,1~6岁小儿将插管尖端置于隆突上2cm可实现本研究中品牌的小儿套囊型气管插管安全放置。
Objective To investigate the design of cuffed pediatric tracheal tubes and compare the effects of different tracheal intubation depth placement strategies on the position of the tracheal tube tip and cuff of 5 tracheal tube brands.Methods A total of 180 children who were admitted to Tianjin Children's Hospital from October 2020 to December 2021,with endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia,aged 1-6 years,were enrolled.The length of the subglottic airway was measured by electronic bronchoscopy.Dimensional data from 5 cuffed pediatric tracheal tube brands were recorded,including the length of the tracheal tube cuff,the distance from the tip of the tracheal tube to the upper edge of the cuff,and the tip of the tracheal tube to the lower edge of the tube glottis marker line the distance.Calculation of the required cuffed endotracheal tube internal diameter(ID)for 180 pediatric patients was performed based on the Motoyama formula,the positions of tracheal tube tip and upper cuff border were calculated for each of the 180 tracheas using depth mark to based tracheal tube placement,placement of the tracheal tube tip at 2 cm above the carina,and mid-tracheal tube placement.Results There were differences in the dimensional data of the 5 cuffed pediatric tracheal tube brands.Depth mark-based tracheal tube placement resulted in the incidence rate of tube tip to carina placement less than 1 cm was 3.9%-67.8%,and the highest incidence of bronchial intubation is Ruijing,up to 17.8%.The tracheal tube tip was placed 2 cm above the carina,and no improper placement of the tracheal tube cuff and tube tip was found in all brands.Mid-tracheal tube placement led to 100%subglottic and supraglottic tracheal tube cuff positions,except Weili.Conclusions There are differences in design between different brands of cuffed pediatric tracheal tube,and some of the design deficiencies may lead to the risk of airway complications.The method used to guide the insertion depth and the brand of cuffed tracheal tubes can affect the tracheal tube position.Placement of the tracheal tube tip at 2 cm above the carina allowed safe tracheal tube placement in children aged 1-6 years.
作者
章艳君
杜洪印
王胜
刘金柱
袁志浩
张文静
张野
王菲
乔海峰
王志芬
Zhang Yanjun;Du Hongyin;Wang Sheng;Liu Jinzhu;Yuan Zhihao;Zhang Wenjing;Zhang Ye;Wang Fei;Qiao Haifeng;Wang Zhifen(Department of Anesthesiology,Tianjin Children's Hospital(Children's Hospital,Tianjin University),Tianjin 300134,China;Department of Anesthesiology,the First Central Clinical School,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin 300192,China;Department of Anesthesiology,First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230001,Anhui,China)
出处
《中国中西医结合急救杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2024年第1期53-57,共5页
Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine in Intensive and Critical Care
基金
天津市卫生健康科技项目(ZC20139)。
关键词
小儿
气管插管
气道管理
Child
Tracheal tube
Airway management
