摘要
随着全球气候变化和人类活动的加剧,越来越多的干旱地区面临着严重的荒漠化,这正成为未来全球范围内最重要的环境问题之一。本文对荒漠化概念的历史进行了追溯,综述了荒漠化对生态系统结构和功能的影响,具体从土壤、植被和气候三方面的影响展开,随后从增加植被覆盖、控制放牧和改善农业系统三方面总结了治理荒漠化的措施。荒漠化与特定的气候条件和土壤侵蚀有关,因此可以通过增加植被覆盖、控制放牧、非生长季农田留茬、改变传统灌溉方式、发展小型灌溉项目等措施,实现对干旱区自然资源的可持续性利用。本文对我国荒漠化防治提出治理思路,以期为未来沙漠化治理提供对策和建议。
With the global climate change and the intensification of human activities,more and more arid regions are facing severe desertification,which is becoming one of the most important environmental problems on a global scale in the future.This paper traces the history of the concept of desertification,and summarizes the impact of desertification on the structure and function of ecosystems,specifically from the three aspects of the impact of desertification on soil,vegetation and climate,in order to provide suggestions for future desertification control ideas and countermeasures.Subsequently,the measures to control desertification at home and abroad are summarized from the three aspects of increasing vegetation coverage,controlling grazing and improving agricultural systems.Desertification is related to specific climatic conditions and soil erosion.Therefore,it is possible to increase soil surface vegetation coverage and control grazing.Keep stubble on farmland during non-growing seasons,change traditional irrigation methods,develop small-scale rrigation projects and other measures to realize the sustainable use of natural resources in arid areas.To propose management ideas for the prevention and control of desertification in our country,in order to provide strategies and suggestions for future desertification control.
作者
李宽
李陟宇
张正福
侯佳木
伊兰娜
吕继敏
王嵋
LI Kuan;LI Zhiyu;ZHANG Zhengfu;HOU Jiamu;YI Lanna;LYU Jimin;WANG Mei(College of Ecology and Environment,Inner Mongolia University,Hohhot 010021,China;Department of Science Education,Inner Mongolia Natural Museum,Hohhot 010010,China)
出处
《内蒙古农业大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
2023年第6期79-93,共15页
Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31960243)
内蒙古自治区科技重大专项项目(2021ZD0011)
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2022MS03027)。
关键词
荒漠化
水土流失
气候变化
防治措施
Desertification
Soil erosion
Climate change
Prevention and control measures
