摘要
目的综合评价二甲苯在油漆和涂料生产行业的职业危害情况,为保护职业性接触二甲苯工人健康提供环境和生物暴露指标。方法选择大连市7家油漆和涂料生产企业,选用个体采样法测定工作场所空气中二甲苯的浓度及当日工作班末工人尿液中甲基马尿酸的含量,应用秩和检验和Spearman相关性分析两者之间关联程度。结果工作场所二甲苯浓度超标率为9.3%,最高值为156.3 mg/m3,工人班末尿中甲基马尿酸超标率为18.6%,最高为1.20 g/gCr,是职业接触生物限值的4倍。经秩和检验,包装岗位工人尿中甲基马尿酸浓度高于投料(Z=2.118,P<0.05)和调色岗位(Z=2.128,P<0.05),研磨、搅拌岗位工人尿中甲基马尿酸浓度高于调色岗位(Z=2.124,P<0.05)。工作场所二甲苯的浓度与工人当日工作末尿中甲基马尿酸呈正相关。结论应重点关注该行业包装及研磨、搅拌岗位工人的二甲苯职业危害情况,保证职业病防护设施的有效性,为工人配备防毒面具和足够的滤毒盒,切实提高工人佩戴防毒面具的依从性。
Objective To comprehensively evaluate the occupational hazards of xylene in the industry,and to provide environmental and biological exposure indicators for maintaining the health of workers exposed to xylene.Methods 7 paint and coating enterprises in Dalian were selected to determine the concentration of xylene in the air and the content of methylhippuric acid in the urine of workers at the end of the work shift by individual sampling method,and the relationship between the two was analyzed by rank sum test and Spearman correlation analysis.Results In this study,the excess rate of xylene was 9.3%,the highest value was 156.3 mg/m~3,and the excess rate of methylhippuric acid in urine at the end of the shift was 18.6%,the highest value was 1.20 g/g Cr,which was 4 times the biological limit of occupational exposure.The rank sum test showed that the concentration of methylhippuric acid in urine of packing workers was higher than that of feeding(Z=2.118,P<0.05)and blending workers(Z=2.128,P<0.05),and that of grinding and stirring workers was higher than that of blending workers(Z=2.124,P<0.05).The concentration of xylene in the workplace was positively correlated with the methylhippuric acid in the urine at the end of the work day.Conclusion Attention should be paid to the occupational hazards of xylene in packaging,grinding and mixing workers in this industry,to ensure the effectiveness of occupational disease prevention facilities,to equip workers with gas masks and enough filter boxes,and to effectively improve the compliance of workers wearing gas masks.
作者
王艳艳
邵小翠
杜影
姜红梅
WANG Yanyan;SHAO Xiaocui;DU Ying;JIANG Hongmei(Department of Occupation and Radiation Health,Dalian Center for Disease Control and Prevetion,Dalian,Liaoning 116033,China)
出处
《工业卫生与职业病》
CAS
2024年第3期244-246,共3页
Industrial Health and Occupational Diseases
基金
辽宁省大连市医学科学研究计划项目(2111035)。
关键词
油漆和涂料生产行业
二甲苯
甲基马尿酸
生物监测
Paint and coatings industry
Xylene
Methylhippuric acid
Biological monitoring
