摘要
心搏骤停最常发生在医院外,即院外心搏骤停(OHCA),是全球重要的健康问题。大约有40%的心搏骤停原因不明,遗传性心律失常和心肌病是心搏骤停的重要致病因素。心搏骤停发生后,确定其遗传因素,不仅对个人具有重要价值,而且对于可能面临家族疾病风险的亲属也具有重要意义。在美国,每年OHCA患者超过35万例,院内心搏骤停(IHCA)患者超过20万例;在西欧,心搏骤停占所有成人自然死亡的15%~20%,占所有心血管疾病死亡的50%。为了减轻心搏骤停在社会范围内造成的负担,需要更多地了解心搏骤停的发病因素,如不同地区的发病率、风险因素及更容易发生心搏骤停的风险人群。对于每个个体而言,心搏骤停是复杂的遗传因素与后天因素相互作用的结果。理解心搏骤停复杂的相互作用的发病因素及制定个体化的预防和治疗方法,需要收集心搏骤停人群的病例资料,并进行多模式分析,以便找出心搏骤停的流行病学特征和危险因素。近期,欧洲正在不同地区和不同人群中收集并整合心搏骤停相关数据。由于致力于心搏骤停人群病例资料大数据集的创建,人们对心搏骤停发病的病理学及危险因素的认识正在稳步提升。本文就近年来心搏骤停流行病学调查数据及相关危险因素分析的研究进展进行综述,从而为制定更好的心搏骤停预防及治疗策略提供思路。
Cardiac arrest most commonly occurs outside of the hospital,known as out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA),and is an important global health problem.Approximately 40%of cardiac arrest has no clear cause.Hereditary arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies factors contribute to cardiac arrest.The identification of genetic factors for cardiac arrest after its occurrence is of great value not only for the individual,but also for relatives who may be at risk for the disease in their family.In the United States,there are over 350000 cases of OHCA and over 200000 cases of in-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)each year,and in Western Europe,cardiac arrest accounts for 15%-20%of all adult natural deaths and 50%of all cardiovascular deaths.In order to reduce the burden caused by cardiac arrest within society,it is essential to further understand its etiological factors,such as incidence in different regions,risk factors,and populations at higher risk.For each individual,cardiac arrest is the result of a complex interaction of genetic and acquired factors.Understanding the complex interplay of pathogenic factors in cardiac arrest and the development of individualized prevention and treatment approaches requires the collection of clinical data from cardiac arrest populations and multimodal analysis in order to identify epidemiological features and risk factors for cardiac arrest.Recently,cardiac arrest-related data are being collected and integrated in Europe in different regions and populations.As a result of the commitment to the creation of large datasets of clinical information on cardiac arrest populations,the knowledge of the pathology of cardiac arrest pathogenesis as well as risk factors is steadily increasing.This article reviews the epidemiologic data of cardiac arrest in recent years and the associated risk factors,thus providing ideas for developing better strategies for the prevention and treatment of cardiac arrest.
作者
白雪
陈梦飞
唐玉娇
刘如新
张玲
Bai Xue;Chen Mengfei;Tang Yujiao;Liu Ruxin;Zhang Ling(Department of Emergency Medicine,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region People's Hospital(the Third Clinical Medical College,Ningxia Medical University),Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China)
出处
《中华危重病急救医学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第4期445-448,共4页
Chinese Critical Care Medicine
基金
宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2020BEG03041)。
关键词
心律失常
院外心搏骤停
危险因素
流行病学
Arrhythmia
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Risk factor
Epidemiology
