摘要
外部环境及条件(如潮湿、光照、虫害等)对古籍的作用,不仅会影响纸张,还会使得其上的墨迹发生改变(如洇墨、掉墨等)。同时,古籍修复中常使用水等溶剂或药剂进行清洁、漂洗等处理,亦可能导致墨迹的脱落、洇化。因此,如何对古籍等纸质文物进行固色保护是纸质文物保护研究的重要问题之一。鉴于此,本工作以羧甲基纤维素、胶矾水及壳聚糖季铵盐为固色材料,通过色度测量、pH值测定、扫描电子显微镜-能谱(SEM-EDX)分析、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)分析、接触角测量、固色试验及力学性能测试等手段,先后从固色材料对纸张性质的影响、字迹的固色效果及纸和颜料间的相互作用、固色材料适用性及其拓展效果三方面展开研究。结果显示,羧甲基纤维素、胶矾水及壳聚糖季铵盐三种固色材料都具有一定的固色效果,但其性能各异。因此,本工作从多方面综合比较了这三种固色材料对墨及红、蓝墨水的固色效果和性能的差异性,为古籍修复固色材料的选择和评价方法提供基础和借鉴。
Ancient books are subject to external environment and conditions,such as humidity,light and insect pests,etc.These not only affect handmade paper,but also cause the ink thereon to spread,fall and so much more.In addition,water and other solvents are often used to clean and rinse pages during the restoration of ancient books,which may also lead to ink spreading and loss.Hence,with regard to the conservation of paper cultural relics,how to fix ink marks on ancient books is an important issue.In view of this,three kinds of color-fixing materials—carboxymethyl cellulose,gelatin-alum solution and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt—were selected in our research to explore their influences on paper properties,ink-fixing effects with the interaction between paper and ink,and applicability and expansion effects.A series of methods such as chromaticity measurement,pH value determination,scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(SEM-EDX),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectrometry,contact angle measurement,color-fixing tests and mechanical property testing were used.The results show that carboxymethyl cellulose,gelatin-alum solution and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt all have color-fixing effects,but their properties are different.In consequence,we comprehensively compared the color-fixing effects and influences on paper properties of the three color-fixing materials from various aspects.This work could provide scientific guides and references for the selection and evaluation of color-fixing materials during the restoration of ancient books.
作者
沈文静
吴春芳
赵海波
刘鹏
张宏斌
SHEN Wenjing;WU Chunfang;ZHAO Haibo;LIU Peng;ZHANG Hongbin(Institute for Preservation and Conservation of Chinese Ancient Books,Fudan University Library,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《文物保护与考古科学》
北大核心
2024年第3期89-98,共10页
Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(22175040,21802023)资助,教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(21YJCZH089)资助,上海市扬帆计划项目(18YF1401900)资助,上海市自然科学基金项目(21ZR1405100)资助。
关键词
古籍修复
固色材料
胶矾水
壳聚糖季铵盐
羧甲基纤维素
Restoration of ancient books
Color-fixing material
Gelatin-alum solution
Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt
Carboxymethyl cellulose
