摘要
锗具有特殊性能,已被许多国家划分为战略性资源,在多个领域具有不可替代的作用。在氧化锌烟尘浸出过程中,由于杂质金属与锗会一同进入溶液,并与单宁酸共同发生络合反应,导致煅烧后所获得的锗精矿品位低、杂质含量高,对于后续的氯化蒸馏工艺十分不利。因此在单宁锗渣煅烧前,去除其中杂质金属对于锗资源化利用具有重要意义。本研究以单宁酸沉锗所得单宁锗渣为原料,以硫酸溶液为洗涤剂,通过引入超声波强化去除其中的主要杂质金属锌与铁,实现锗富集。通过单因素试验研究了酸洗过程中固液比、硫酸浓度、酸洗时间、酸洗温度以及超声波功率对锌与铁去除率的影响。结果表明,在最佳工艺条件:H_(2)SO_(4)浓度0.3 mol/L、固液比300 g/L、酸洗时间40 min、酸洗温度50℃、搅拌速度300 r/min、超声波功率300 W的条件下,锌与铁的去除率分别为86.74%与85.68%。对洗涤除杂后的单宁锗渣进行煅烧,结果表明超声波强化酸洗生产的锗精矿品位高达25.65%,与未洗涤以及常规酸洗相比,超声波强化酸洗生产的锗精矿品位分别提高了约22%、15%,绿色、高效地除去了单宁锗渣中的大部分杂质金属,显著提高了锗精矿的品位。
Due to the unique properties of germanium,it has been classified as a strategic resource by many countries and has an irreplaceable role in many fields.However,in the leaching process of zinc oxide dust,impurity metals tend to co-extract with germanium,forming complexes with tannic acid.This results in a low-grade germanium concentrate with high impurity content after calcination,which poses challenges for subsequent chlorination distillation processes.Therefore,before the calcination of tannin germanium slag,removing impurity metals is of great significance for utilising germanium resources.This study used solid slag after germanium precipitation with tannic acid as the raw material and sulfuric acid solution as the detergent.The main metals,zinc and iron,were removed by ultrasonic strengthening to achieve high enrichment of germanium.The effects of solid-liquid ratio,sulfuric acid concentration,pickling time,pickling temperature,and ultrasonic power on zinc and iron removal rates were studied using a single-factor experiment.The results showed that the removal rate of zinc and iron was 86.74%and 85.68%,respectively,under the conditions of H_(2)SO_(4) concentration of 0.3 mol/L,solid-liquid ratio of 300 g/L,pickling time of 40 min,pickling temperature of 50℃,stirring speed of 300 r/min and ultrasonic power of 300 W.The calcination test of tannin germanium slag after washing and removing impurities showed that the grade of germanium concentrate produced by ultrasonic enhanced pickling was as high as 25.65%.Compared with unwashed and conventional pickling,the grade of germanium concentrate produced by ultrasonic-enhanced pickling increased by about 22%and 15%,respectively.This approach effectively removed most impurity metals from tannin germanium slag,significantly improving the germanium concentrate grade.
作者
陆占清
徐英杰
裴启飞
梁辰
夏洪应
LU Zhanqing;XU Yingjie;PEI Qifei;LIANG Chen;XIA Hongying(Faculty of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;Yunnan Chihong Zn&Ge Co.Ltd.,Qujing 655011,Yunnan,China)
出处
《矿冶》
CAS
2024年第3期448-455,共8页
Mining And Metallurgy
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC290281)
云南省锌资源技术创新中心项目(202405AK340004)
云南省“兴滇英才支持计划”产业创新人才项目(云发改人事[2019]1096号)。
关键词
超声波
单宁锗渣
硫酸洗涤
锗精矿
锗富集
煅烧
ultrasound
tannin germanium slag
sulfuric acid washing
germanium concentrate
removal rate
