摘要
2023年3-5月,对甘肃民勤石羊河公园4个功能区5个植被型组7个不同植物群系的土壤动物群落特征进行了调查。结果表明:共收集到土壤动物46个类群1488头,隶属于3门5纲13目25科。中小型土壤动物和大型土壤动物分别占97.38%和2.62%,线虫在群落结构中占绝对优势。中小型土壤动物中的优势类群为头叶属、真头叶属、臭蚁属;占总捕获量的48.58%;常见类群为丽突属、拟丽突属、短体属、鞘属、半懒甲螨属等16个类群,占总捕获量的47.13%;稀有类群有椎实螺属、耳萝卜螺属、两坑螺属、虹蛹螺属、逍遥蛛属等14个类群,占总捕获量的4.29%。大型土壤动物主要为拟步甲科和叩甲科,其中优势类群为琵琶甲属、蒙小鳖甲和尖尾东鳌甲,均为荒漠草原沙地种类。沙枣群系和油蒿群系土壤动物的个体数、类群数、丰富度指数和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均高于其他植物群系,优势度指数则较低。7个植物群系的土壤动物群落结构的相似性为中等不相似和极不相似。沙枣群系、白刺群系、多枝柽柳群系的土壤动物具有明显的表聚性,而油蒿群系、芨芨草群系和芦苇群系中的土壤动物垂直分布具有异质性。
The community characteristics of soil animals in 7 different plant formations of 5 vegetation types in 4 functional areas of Shiyang River National Wetland Park in Minqin of Gansu were investigated from March to May 2023.46 groups with 1488 individuals of soil animals were collected in total.They were belonging to 3 phylums,5 classes,13 orders and 25 families.The proportion of medium and small soil animals was 97.38%and that of large soil animals was 2.62%.Nematodes were dominant in the community structure.The family of Cephalobus,Eucephalobus and Dolichoderus has been dominant groups of medium and small soil animals in this study,which was accounting for 48.58%of the total collection;there were 16 common groups accounting for 47.13%of the total collection,including Acrodeles,Acrobeloides,Pratylenchus,Hemicycliphora and Heminothrus.14 groups were found as rare groups,including Lymnaea,Radix,Amphicoelina,Pupil and Philodromus,which was only accounting for 4.29%of the total collection.The dominant groups of soil macrofauna are Elateridae and Tenebrioniidae.The individual number,group number,Margalef richness index,and Shannon-Wiener diversity index of soil animals in Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn community and Artemisia ordosica Krasch community are higher than those in other plant community.The Simpson dominance index is relatively lower.It was found that the similarity of soil animals was extreme dissimilarity to medium dissimilarity in 7 sampling sites.Both number of individuals and species of soil animals were significantly higher on the surface of the soil in Elaeagnus angustifolia Linn community,Nitraia tangutorum Bobr.community and Tamarix ramosissima Lcdcb community.The vertical distribution of soil animals in the Artemisia ordosica Krasch community,Achnatherum splendens(Trin.)Nevski community and Phragmites communis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steud community exhibits heterogeneity.
作者
申海香
马尚盛
蔡海
龚建军
赵晓丽
马正学
Shen Haixiang;Ma Shangsheng;Cai Hai;Gong Jianjun;Zhao Xiaoli;Ma Zhengxue(Wuwei Occupational College,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;No.2 High School of Wuwei,Wuwei 733000,Gansu,China;Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China)
出处
《绿色科技》
2024年第8期53-64,共12页
Journal of Green Science and Technology
基金
2021年甘肃省高等学校创新基金项目(编号:2021B-520)
2023年甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目(编号:2023B-474)
武威职业学院院级科研创新团队-河西走廊寒旱区生态环境保护与生态文明建设科研创新团队(编号:WWKY-01)。
关键词
石羊河公园
植物群系
春季
土壤动物
群落特征
Minqin Shiyang River National Wetland Park
plant formations
spring
soil animals
community characteristics
