摘要
分析了我国面临的抗生素菌渣环境风险管控需求与当前的处理现状,讨论了符合我国国情的抗生素菌渣环境污染防控管理的重点和思路。为实现抗生素菌渣的环境风险长效管理,针对菌渣中污染物质的有效控制,提出了3项关键策略:开展生产信息调查和危害筛查,持续调查评估,明确风险状况,并进行抗生素耐药风险评估;支持科技研究和技术的推广应用,加强抗生素生产企业与科研机构之间的协作,“产学研用”一体化,建立科技专项、加速监测预警方法的开发,并推动无害化处理与资源化利用的技术创新及其工程化应用;完善菌渣安全利用风险评价方法,通过实验室及大田试验探究抗性风险传播机制,并建立相应的资源化产品环境安全评价方法,以及资源化产物的流向管理与长期安全性监测制度,以全面推动抗生素产业的绿色转型和源头污染的有效防控。
Antibiotics have emerged as a significant contaminant,and gained increasing attention both domestically and internationally.In this study,the environmental risk management needs and the current handling situation of antibiotic fermentation residues are proposed to find out the key points and approaches to the management of antibiotic residue environmental pollution control that align with China's national conditions.To address long-term environmental risk management of antibiotic fermentation residues and effectively control the pollutants produced in the residues,three key strategies have been proposed.First,to conduct production information surveys and hazard screenings to continuously assess and clarify the risk situation including evaluating the risk of antibiotic resistance.Then,to support scientific research and the application of technology,enhance collaboration between antibiotic production enterprises and research institutions through an integrated approach of"industry-academia-research-application",develop specialized scientific projects,accelerate the development of monitoring and early warning methods,and promote the innovation and industrial application of technologies for harmless treatment and resource utilization.Last,to improve the risk evaluation methods for safe use of antibiotic fermentation residues,explore the mechanisms of resistance risk transmission through laboratory and field trials,and establish environmental safety evaluation methods for resource-based products,as well as management and long-term safety monitoring systems for the flow of resource-based products,to comprehensively promote the green transformation of the antibiotic industry and effective control of pollution at its source.
作者
周睫雅
侯立安
田书磊
王旭明
ZHOU Jieya;HOU Li'an;TIAN Shulei;WANG Xuming(School of Environment,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China;Detachment 23,Unit 96901 People's Liberation Army of China,Beijing 100094,China;Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genetic Resources and Biotechnology,Institute of Biotechnology,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)
出处
《科技导报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第11期29-35,共7页
Science & Technology Review
基金
国家重点研发项目(2017YFD0801420)。
关键词
抗生素菌渣
抗生素
耐药风险
源头防控
antibiotic fermentation residues
antibiotic
antibiotic resistance
source control
