摘要
背景随着我国老龄化人口的增多,老年相关的健康问题日益得到关注。相比于临床症状显著的生理性疾病,老年人的心理健康问题常被忽视,潜在的抑郁状态和慢性病的高发共同导致了老年生活质量的下降。此外,老年人中更为常见的代谢性疾病也极大影响了其脑健康状态,可能导致神经损伤和认知功能下降。目的研究社区老年人抑郁和认知状况及其是否与营养代谢状况相关。方法于2020年4—8月选取上海市宝山区友谊街道社区卫生服务中心参与健康体检的社区老年人共3767例为研究对象,收集研究对象的性别、年龄、BMI和腰臀比等资料,进行简易智力状况量表(MMSE)、简版老年抑郁量表(GDS)、简易营养评估量表(MNA)、日常生活活动能力量表(ADL)、智能精神状态量表(MMSE)的评估,依据GDS得分将研究对象分为正常组(≤3分)、潜在抑郁组(4~7分)、抑郁组(≥8分),并通过临床代谢相关指标进行代谢综合征相关疾病评估和10年心血管疾病风险评估,采用Pearson相关分析探讨上述指标的相关性。结果入组的3767例老年人中男1502例,女2265例;不同组别的年龄、MNA得分、MMSE得分、心血管疾病高危风险人数构成比、10年心血管疾病风险等级比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);相关性分析结果显示,除MMSE维度中的复述能力维度得分外,GDS得分与MMSE总得分和各维度得分均呈负相关(P<0.05),MNA得分、ADL得分均与MMSE得分呈正相关(P<0.05),血葡萄糖(GLU)和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)均与MMSE中即刻回忆能力维度得分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论老年人的抑郁状况与认知功能下降有关,而更好的营养状况与更好的认知表现有关,关注并改善老年人的代谢健康能够更好地提升其心理状态和精神健康。
Background With the increase of the aging population,age-related health problems have garnered increasing attention.Compared to physiologic diseases with significant clinical symptoms,the mental health issues of the elderly are often overlooked.The underlying depressive states and high incidence of chronic diseases collectively contribute to a decline in quality of life in old age.Moreover,metabolic diseases,more prevalent in the elderly,significantly impact brain health,potentially leading to neurological damage and cognitive decline.Objective This study aims to investigate the relationship between depression,cognitive status,and nutritional and metabolic status among elderly individuals in the community.Methods We selected 3767 elderly individuals who participated in physical examinations at the Youyi Street Community Health Service Center in Baoshan District,Shanghai.The demographic data on sex,age,BMI and waist-to-hip ratio were collected.The evaluations included the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE),Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS),Mini Nutritional Assessment(MNA),and Activities of Daily Living Scale(ADL).Metabolic syndrome-related diseases and the 10-year cardiovascular disease risk were assessed using clinical metabolic indicators,and Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations among these indicators.Results This research showed that significant differences were found in age,MNA,MMSE scores,the proportion of people at high risk of cardiovascular disease and the 10-year cardiovascular disease risk grade among the different groups(P<0.05).Correlation analysis indicated that the GDS score was negatively correlated with the total MMSE score and its sub-item scores,except for the repetition ability score.MNA and ADL were positively correlated with the total MMSE score(P<0.05).Additionally,GLU and HbA1c levels were negatively correlated with immediate recall ability in the MMSE(P<0.05).Conclusion Our findings suggest that depression in the elderly is associated with cognitive decline,while better nutritional status is linked to improved cognitive performance.Focusing on and improving metabolic health in the elderly may enhance their mental state and overall mental health.
作者
郁海东
潘苗苗
顾红琴
刘涛
戴洁
刘玲华
侯俊平
杨丽
施美芳
赵超
YU Haidong;PAN Miaomiao;GU Hongqin;LIU Tao;DAI Jie;LIU Linghua;HOU Junping;YANG Li;SHI Meifang;ZHAO Chao(Community Health Service Center of Youyi Community,Baoshan District,Shanghai 201999,China;National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine/Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University,Shanghai 200040,China;Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology/Basic Research Institute for Aging and Medicine,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)
出处
《中国全科医学》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第28期3540-3545,共6页
Chinese General Practice
基金
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC2000204)
上海市宝山区科学技术委员会医学卫生项目(2023-E-61)
上海市宝山区科学技术委员会医学卫生项目(21-E-46)。
关键词
抑郁症
认知功能
营养状况
心血管疾病
老年人
医院
社区
相关性分析
Depressive disorder
Cognitive function
Nutritional status
Cardiovascular diseases
Aged
Hospitals,community
Correlation analysis
