摘要
海草床不仅具有提供生物栖息地、净化水质、固碳、气候调节的生态服务功能,也因其固碳量大、固碳效率高、储碳周期长等特点,被国际公认为“蓝碳”生态系统之一。为探究大连市长山群岛海草床生态特征、生物群落及地区差异,2022年8月对辽宁省大连长山群岛8个海草床生态系统进行了调查。共布设54个调查站位,确定了该区域海草种类、分布面积、生态特征以及大型海藻和附着生物等相关信息,同时运用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H′)、Pielou均匀度指数(J)和K-均值聚类分析了附着生物群落的特点。结果显示,长山群岛海草床的分布呈现面积广和分布不均等特点;广鹿岛、大长山、獐子岛及塞里岛分布着鳗草(Zostera marina)、丛生鳗草(Z.caespitosa)和日本鳗草(Z.japonica);石城岛和哈仙岛海草床的海草种类单一,只有鳗草;小长山岛海草床面积最大,海洋岛海草床面积最小。调查区除了有海草分布,还发现了大型海藻孔石莼(Ulva pertusa)的生物量在除石城岛以外的7个调查区都占有绝对的优势。各调查分区大型附着生物H′的平均值为0.88,J的平均值为0.27,总体上,调查区域海草床大型附着生物H′、J处于较低水平。长山群岛海草床采获大型附着生物5纲27种,其中小长山岛海草床出现的大型附着生物种类最多,其余各岛生物量和平均生物密度最大的附着生物是布纹平厣螺(Homalopoma amussitatum)。研究结果可为我国海草床生态系统研究提供基础数据。
Seagrass beds not only provide ecological services such as biological habitat,water purification,carbon sequestration,and climate regulation,but also are internationally recognised as one of the“blue carbon”ecosystems due to their large carbon sequestration,high carbon sequestration efficiency,and long carbon storage cycle.In order to investigate the ecological characteristics,biological communities and regional differences of seagrass beds in Changshan Islands,Dalian City,a survey was conducted in August 2022 on the ecosystems of eight seagrass beds in Changshan Islands.A total of 54 survey stations were deployed,and the ecological survey determined the seagrass species composition,distribution area,ecological characteristics,and relevant information on macroalgae and attached animals in the region,while the characteristics of attached animal communities were analyzed by Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H'),Pielou homogeneity index(J),and K-means clustering.The results showed that the distribution of seagrass beds in Changshan Islands was characterized by a wide area and uneven distribution.Three species of Zostera marina,Z.caespitosa,and Z.japonica were distributed around Guanglu Island,Dachangshan Island,Zhangzi Island and Saili Island.The seagrass beds around Shicheng Island and Haxian Island showed a single species of seagrass,only Zostera marina.The area of seagrass beds was the largest around Xiaochangshan Island and it was the smallest for Haiyang Island.In addition to the distributed seagrasses in the survey area,Ulva pertusa,a macroalga,was found to be absolutely dominant in all seven survey areas except for Shicheng Island.The mean value(H')of large-attached organisms in each survey subarea was 0.88,and the mean value of J was 0.27.Overall,H'and J of large-attached organisms were at a low level in the seagrass beds of survey areas.In the seagrass beds of Changshan Islands,27 species of large attached organisms from 5 classes were collected,among which the largest number of species of large attached organisms appeared in the seagrass beds of Xiaochangshan Island,and the attached organism with the largest biomass and average biodensity in the rest of the islands was Homalopoma amussitatum.It is recommended to continuously investigate and observe the dynamic changes of seagrass beds in order to provide reference data for exploring the successional mechanism of seagrass beds in Dalian Changshan Islands,a typical seagrass bed ecosystem in northern China.
作者
智凯亭
杨军
尹增强
王岩
李晓丽
陈雷
魏海峰
汪彦军
于良巨
孙谦
张凤娇
朱育波
牛轲儒
宋彦臻
ZHI Kaiting;YANG Jun;YIN Zengqiang;WANG Yan;LI Xiaoli;CHEN Lei;WEI Haifeng;WANG Yanjun;YU Liangju;SUN Qian;ZHANG Fengjiao;ZHU Yubo;NIU Keru;SONG Yanzhen(College of Fisheries and Life Science,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China;College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian Liaoning 116023,China)
出处
《海洋渔业》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期297-306,共10页
Marine Fisheries
基金
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2401103)
国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901302)。
关键词
海草床
长山群岛
物种分布
生态特征
seagrass beds
Changshan Islands
species distribution
ecological characteristics
