摘要
随着气候变化及人类活动,原本脆弱的荒漠草原迎来更大的荒漠化风险,其景观格局演变受到众多学者关注。选取1990-2019年Landsat影像数据为信息源,采用景观指数研究方法和GIS空间分析、格网技术手段,研究苏尼特右旗景观格局时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)研究区以草地为主题景观,其中天然草地景观为优势景观类型。1990-2005年主要是天然草地景观与沙地景观、盐碱地景观相互转化;2005-2019年天然草地景观大范围转出为封育草地景观。(2)1990-2019年景观破碎度增大,基质景观所占比例不断减少,斑块形状趋于复杂,丰富度增加,异质性增强,聚集连片度下降。(3)研究区中北部浑善达克沙地分布带1990-2005年沙化严重,破碎程度加大。干燥剥蚀层状高平原2005-2019年受人类活动影响大,基质景观优势度下降,景观破碎程度增高,空间异质性增强。南部低山丘陵区除东南部耕地景观不断被分割,整体景观保持完整连续。研究结果可为苏尼特右旗的资源环境保护、利用与管理提供科学、合理的参考依据。
Climate change and human activities have brought greater risks to desertification of fragile desert steppe,as a result of which its landscape evolution has received attentions from many scholars.With the Landsat imaging data during 1990-2019 as the information source,the GIS spatial analysis and grid method were adopted to research temporal and spatial variation of landscape in Sonid Right Banner through calculating landscape index.The results are as follopws.(1)The grassland was the theme landscape in the researched area,where natural grassland landscape was as the dominant landscape.During 1990-2005,there was mainly a mutual transformation between natural grass landscape and the sandy and saline-alkali landscape;during 2005-2019,there was a considerable transformation of natural grassland into enclosed grassland landscape.(2)During 1990-2019,there was greater fragmentation of landscape,where the proportion of matrix landscape was constantly decreasing with more complex patches,increased abundance,enhanced heterogeneity and reduced aggregate contiguity.(3)During 1990-2005,the northern Hunshandak Sandland of the researched area suffered serious desertification with greater fragmentation.During 2005-2019,the dominance of matrix landscape of dry denuded high plain was decreased,with greater fragmentation of landscape and enhanced spatial heterogeneity which was substantially due to human activities.Except the southeast farming landscape,the southern low mountains and hills were constantly segmented,while the integrity and continuity of the entire southern landscape were maintained.The research result will provide scientific and reasonable references and basis for protection,utilization and management of resources and environment in Sonid Right Banner.
作者
刘春艳
阿拉腾图娅
LIU Chunyan;Aatengtuya(College of Geographical Science,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China)
出处
《生态科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期87-94,共8页
Ecological Science
基金
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2019MS04011)。
关键词
景观格局
苏尼特右旗
景观指数
格网法
landscape pattern
Sonid Right Banner
landscape index
grid method
