摘要
目的:应用无创肌肉状态诊断技术(Tensiomyo graphy,TMG)对投掷运动员的肌肉状态进行量化分析,探讨投掷运动员的肌肉状态特征,为投掷运动员的训练实践提供建议。方法:采用文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法进行研究。结果:投掷运动员左右侧竖脊肌、胸大肌Tr项指标均存在显著差异(P<0.05);投掷运动员左右侧上肢肌肉和躯干肌肉相似度较下肢更高,躯干肌的左右侧背侧肌肉的相似度较腹侧肌肉更高;所测肌肉的左右侧相似度由高到低依次为斜方肌中段(76%)、腹直肌(73%)、指屈肌(73%)、肱肌(72%)、肱二头肌(72%)、斜方肌上段(71%)、背阔肌(70%)、斜方肌下段(70%)、股外侧肌(70%)、股直肌(67%)、腓肠肌外侧头(63%)、三角肌前束(63%)、股内侧肌(62%)、腓肠肌内侧头(58%)、腹外斜肌(58%)、竖脊肌(56%)、半腱肌(56%)、胫骨前肌(55%)、胸大肌(55%)、股二头肌(41%);各组肌肉的相似度均处于较低水平(63.5%±9.01%)。结论:投掷运动员存在肌肉不对称现象,投掷运动员腹直肌、背阔肌、斜方肌、股内侧肌、肱二头肌疲劳程度高且有较高受伤风险。建议:教练员应针对投掷运动员左右肢体不对称现象进行有目的性的干涉,以此减少上述疲劳程度高的肌肉的练习强度及训练负荷,增加肌肉的放松手段和放松时间,避免受伤风险,延长运动生涯。
OBJECTIVE:This study aims to quantitatively analyze the muscle status of throwing athletes using non-invasive muscle diagnostic technology called Tensiomyography(TMG).It explores the muscle status characteristics of throwing athletes and provides recommendations for their training practices.METHOD:The study utilizes literature review,experimental methods,and mathematical statistics.RESULTS:Significant differences(P<0.05)were found in the Tr indicators of the left and right vertical spinal muscles and pectoralis major muscles of throwing athletes.The similarity of upper limb muscles and trunk muscles was higher than that of lower limb muscles,and the similarity of back muscles on the left and right sides of the trunk was higher than that of abdominal muscles.The similarity of measured muscles from high to low on the left and right sides were as follows:middle part of the trapezius muscle(76%),rectus abdominis muscle(73%),finger flexor muscle(73%),brachialis muscle(72%),biceps brachii muscle(72%),upper part of the trapezius muscle(71%),latissimus dorsi muscle(70%),lower part of the trapezius muscle(70%),tensor fasciae latae muscle(70%),rectus femoris muscle(67%),peroneus longus muscle(63%),anterior deltoid muscle(63%),adductor magnus muscle(62%),peroneus brevis muscle(58%),external oblique muscle(58%),vertical spinal muscle(56%),soleus muscle(56%),tibialis anterior muscle(55%),pectoralis major muscle(55%),biceps femoris muscle(41%).The similarity of muscles in each group was at a relatively low level of 63.5%±9.01%.CONCLUSION:Throwing athletes exhibit muscle asymmetry,with high fatigue and increased risk of injury in muscles such as the rectus abdominis,latissimus dorsi,trapezius,adductor magnus,and biceps brachii.SUGGESTIONS:Coaches should intervene purposefully to address the asymmetry between the left and right limbs of throwing athletes.This includes reducing the exercise intensity and training load of fatigued muscles,incorporating relaxation techniques and allowing sufficient rest time to minimize the risk of injury and prolong the athletic career.
作者
李艳茹
王雨清
Li Yanru;Wang Yuqing(School of Physical Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2024年第6期40-43,共4页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
