摘要
推动以创新起主导作用的新质生产力发展是高质量发展的内在要求。中国拥有发展人工智能的优势,诸如国家战略、超大规模市场、海量数据和丰富的应用场景等优势的有机结合促进了中国人工智能技术的不断迭代,人工智能凭借渗透性、协同性、替代性和创造性等技术经济特征能够形成与新质生产力相匹配的产业体系。人工智能赋能新质生产力具有多维逻辑,包括马克思主义生产力理论创新和发展的理论逻辑、通用目的技术引致生产力实现跃升的历史逻辑、高质量发展目标要求的现实逻辑。人工智能凭借数智属性赋能新质生产力,具体映射在企业发展上分别呈现数据+应用场景人机协同模式、技术牵引价值链生态模式、组织平台化跨界融合模式。中国人工智能已从实验室进入应用落地的新阶段,面对中国人工智能技术尚处于“比上不足”的阶段、场景建设广度和深度不足、算力服务供需不匹配、高质量中文数据匮乏、青年数字人才培养和引进整体处于探索阶段、行业规制成效显著但通用立法欠缺等应用层面问题,要加快健全新型举国体制实现“卡脖子”技术攻坚,推进场景开放创新,积极发展公共云突破算力边界,提升建设高质量中文语料库的能力,多渠道培养和引进创新复合型人才,并以包容审慎原则推动统一式立法。
Promoting the development of new quality productive forces driven by innovation is an inherent requirement for high-quality development.This paper aims to clarify the logic and mode of artificial intelligence(AI)to empower new quality productive forces and other doctrinal relationships and to refine the constraints on the AI application,so as to provide a new path for the empowerment of AI on new quality productive forces.The findings reveal that the impact of AI on new quality productive forces highlights its importance in promoting high-quality development.The organic combination of national strategies,mega-markets,massive data,rich application scenarios and other advantages fosters the continuous iteration of AI technology in China.With its unique technical and economic attributes such as permeability,synergy,substitutability and creativity,AI can form an industrial system that aligns with the new quality productive forces.Furthermore,the empowerment of new quality productive forces by AI encompasses multiple dimensions.This includes the theoretical logic of innovation and development of Marxist productivity theory,the historical logic of a significant boost to productivity resulting from general technology,and the realistic logic of high-quality development goals.In addition,AI,with its digital intelligence attributes,presents the human-machine collaboration mode of data+application scenarios,the ecological mode of the technology-driven value chain,and the cross-border integration mode of the organizational platform.In response to China’s advancement of AI from the laboratory to practical applications,it is imperative to address various constraints hindering its widespread applications.This includes China’s immature AI technology at the current stage,limited breadth and depth in scene construction,the mismatch between supply and demand for computing power services,the inadequate availability of high-quality Chinese data,the ongoing exploration phase for training young digital talents,and notable effects of industry regulations without comprehensive legislation.To overcome these bottlenecks,this paper proposes the following paths.First,it is imperative to expedite the development of a new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to break through the key bottleneck technologies.Second,it should promote the open innovation of the scene,actively develop public cloud infrastructure to break through the boundary of computing power,and enhance the ability to build high-quality Chinese corpus.Third,it is vital to cultivate and introduce innovative talents through multiple channels and promote unified legislation by the principles of inclusiveness and prudence.
作者
戚聿东
沈天洋
QI Yudong;SHEN Tianyang(Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875)
出处
《经济与管理研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第7期3-17,共15页
Research on Economics and Management
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目“技术标准与知识产权协同推进数字产业创新的机理与路径研究”(19ZDA077)。
关键词
人工智能
新质生产力
高质量发展
数智
新型举国体制
artificial intelligence
new quality productive forces
high-quality development
digital intelligence
a new system for mobilizing resources nationwide
