摘要
半固态技术自20世纪70年代由麻省理工学院开发以来,因其独特的优势而在全球范围内得到了广泛的研究。非枝晶组织的形成机理是半固态成形技术的基石,它决定了在特定条件下应采用哪些工艺来获得优质的半固态组织,对开发新工艺具有重要的指导作用。经过近半个世纪的发展,半固态浆料制备过程中非枝晶结构的形成机理已经发展出许多不同的观点。由此衍生了丰富的半固态浆料制备技术,大大促进了半固态领域的发展。为了进一步理解凝固过程中球晶的形成机制,对各种非枝晶组织的形成机制进行了梳理,基于制备原理将半固态制浆技术分为搅拌制备技术类和低过热度制备技术类,并对常见的几种技术的原理和应用进行了总结。半固态产品的性能在很大程度上取决于其微观组织结构,但半固态形态复杂,传统的二维表征手段对材料内部空间结构的理解可能存在误差。对半固态浆料的二维微观组织和三维显微组织表征技术进行总结分析,为理解金属半固态浆料的微观结构演变和微观组织与性能之间的关系提供了理论基础。
Semi-solid technology has been widely studied in the world because of its unique advantages since it was developed by Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the 1970s.The formation mechanism of non-dendritic structure is the cornerstone of semi-solid forming technology.It determines which process should be used to obtain high-quality semi-solid structure under certain conditions,and plays an important guiding role in guiding the development of new processes.After nearly half a century of development,many different viewpoints on the formation mechanism of non-dendritic structure in the preparation of semi-solid slurry have been developed.This has led to a wealth of semi-solid slurry preparation technology,which has greatly promoted the development of the semi-solid field.In order to further understand the formation mechanism of spherulites during solidification,the formation mechanism of various non-dendritic structures was sorted out.Based on the preparation principle,the semi-solid pulping technology was divided into stirring preparation technology and low superheat preparation technology,and the principles and applications of several common technologies were summarized.The performance of semi-solid products depends largely on their microstructure.But the semi-solid morphology is complex,and the traditional two-dimensional characterization methods may have errors in understanding the internal spatial structure of materials.Therefore,in this paper,the two-dimensional microstructure and three-dimensional microstructure characterization techniques of semi-solid slurry are summarized,which provides a theoretical basis for understanding the relationship between microstructure evolution,microstructure and property of metal semi-solid slurry.
作者
徐升亮
郭洪民
杨湘杰
XU Shengliang;GUO Hongmin;YANG Xiangjie(School of Advanced Manufacturing,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Physics and Materials Science,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China)
出处
《精密成形工程》
北大核心
2024年第7期109-123,共15页
Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金(50965015)。
关键词
金属半固态浆料
非枝晶组织
形成机制
组织表征
浆料制备
三维重构
metal semi-solid slurry
non-dendritic structure
formation mechanism
organizational characterization
slurry preparation
3D reconstruction
