摘要
在人类学学科发展史上,非洲研究始终处于理论与方法变化的核心位置。在早期学科专业化过程中,非洲为人类学提供了涉及社会生活各方面的经典议题。本文重点讨论人类学非洲研究转变的特征与产生的影响。20世纪70年代,在社会科学批判反思的浪潮中,人类学的研究范式也发生了重要转变。非洲研究的经典民族志作品被重新审视,历史情境与主体性问题受到关注,静态的文化分析模式与民族志书写的真实性都遭到质疑。在不同国家力量的博奔中,政治经济学视角与交叉性议题在非洲研究中逐渐受到关注。受到转变的影响,20世纪70年代后,欧美人类学非洲研究的经典议题呈现出新的特征;非洲本土经验逐渐受到重视,非洲人类学指向一种更具现实意义的研究实践。在中国区域国别学科化的背景下,中国人类学的非洲研究,应结合中非合作的现实情境,争取“全球南方”在中非关系等议题上的国际话语权。
Throughout the development history of anthropology,African studies have always been at the core of theoretical and methodological changes.In its early years of disciplinary specialization,Africa provided anthropology with classic topics that touched on all aspects of social life.This paper focuses on the characteristics and implications of the shift in anthropological African studies.In the 1970s,in the wave of critical reflection on social science,the research paradigm of anthropology also underwent a major change.The classic ethnographic works of African studies were re-examined,the historical context and subjectivity issues came under scrutiny,and the static mode of cultural analysis and the authenticity of ethnographic writing were questioned.In the game of different national forces,the perspective of political economy and cross-cutting issues have gradually attracted attention in African studies.Under the influence of such change,classic topics of African studies in European and American anthropology showed new characteristics after the 1970s.With the increasing emphasis on indigenous African experience,African anthropology points to a more realistic research practice.In the context of disciplinary development of country and area studies in China,African studies of Chinese anthropology should respond to the actual situation of China-Africacooperation,and strive for the international voice of the"Global South"on issues such as China-Africa relations.
出处
《世界民族》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第3期45-59,共15页
Journal of World Peoples Studies
基金
国家社科基金重大课题滚动资助:“一带一路”沿线各国民族志研究及数据库建设(课题号:17ZDA155)阶段性研究成果一。
关键词
非洲研究
人类学研究范式
区域国别研究
African studies
Anthropological research paradigm
Country and area studies
