摘要
分析实证法学的权利观念是在人类初步完成商工文明的政治秩序转型、由革命转向维序这一特定历史场域中形成的权利观。分析实证法学家们共同秉持的功能分析式的权利解释方法、国家权力本位的权利来源观、以他人义务为本位的权利存在观、视权利为引起制裁的强制手段的权利功能观都表现了对权利的工具主义的认知。其中,边沁的权利是利益、义务是不利(恶害)的观点,奥斯丁以能力解释权利所导致的模糊性,凯尔森将权利视为实现制裁的强制手段的认识都表明,这一学派的权利观念与当代人权学说所研究的各项人权中的“权利”观念在理论上是不能兼容的。
The concept of rights within the realm of analytical and empirical legal studies is shaped within the specific historical backdrop of the completion of the initial transformation of human civilization from revolution to order within the political landscape of commerce and industry.The functional analytical approach advocated by scholars in empirical legal studies,the perspective of rights rooted in state authority,the conception of rights grounded in obligations to others,and the perception of rights as coercive instruments of sanction all reflect a utilitarian understanding of rights.Notably,Bentham's assertion that rights represent interests and obligations entail harms,Austin's analysis of rights as capacity leading to ambiguity,and Kelsen's portrayal of rights as enforcement mechanisms collectively underscore that the conceptualization of rights within this framework diverges from that explored in contemporary human rights theories.
作者
张恒山
陈美西
Zhang Hengshan;Chen Meixi
出处
《法治现代化研究》
CSSCI
2024年第2期1-16,共16页
Law and Modernization
基金
研究阐释党的十九届六中全会精神国家社科基金重大项目“弘扬社会主义法治精神”(22ZDA072)的阶段性成果。
关键词
分析实证法学
历史场域
权利
强制功能
analytical and empirical legal analysis
historical context
rights
coercive function
