摘要
气候与土地利用/覆被变化是驱动全球水文过程变化的重要因素,开展流域水文过程对气候和土地利用变化的响应研究对揭示区域水文及环境变化具有重要指示意义。本文以河西走廊杂木河流域为研究区,基于多源遥感影像、水文气象站点监测及再分析产品数据,采用SWAT模型、Mann-Kendall(M-K)趋势检验及土地利用动态度等方法,通过分离水文过程驱动因素,设置基准期、气候变化单一作用、土地利用变化单一作用、气候和土地利用变化共同作用等情景,比较分析了杂木河流域水文过程对气候与土地利用变化的响应特征及驱动机制。结果表明,1980—2014年,流域年降水、年平均气温、年径流均有所增加,增加速率依次为0.47 mm·a^(-1)、0.067℃·a^(-1)、1.43 mm·a^(-1)。流域土地利用分布格局呈现空间异质性,主要土地利用类型为草地、林地及未利用土地。综合土地利用动态度为2.91%,单一土地利用动态度最高的为建设用地。土地利用变化单一作用情景下流域径流减少0.12 mm,气候变化单一作用情景、气候和土地利用变化共同作用情景下径流量分别增加6.27 mm、6.15 mm;各情景下蒸散发均有增加。气候变化对流域径流与蒸散发起主要驱动作用。未来应加强流域气候变化适应性的水资源管理,促进流域水资源的上中下游合理配置。
Climate change(CC)and land use/cover change(LUCC)have been identified as the two main driv-ers of global hydrological dynamics.Investigating the impact of these factors on watershed hydrological process-es is of great significance in unraveling regional hydrological and environmental transformations.In this study,we focus on the Zamu River basin,a representative region in arid Northwest China,and adopt a comprehensive approach utilizing multi-source remote sensing images,hydrometeorological site monitoring,reanalysis product data,the Soil and Water Assessment Tool(SWAT)model,the Mann-Kendall(M-K)trend test,and land use dynamic degree analysis.By integrating these methods,we aim to provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of how CC and LUCC affect hydrological processes in the Zamu River basin.By isolating the driving factors of hydrological processes and considering the baseline period,as well as the separate and com-bined influence of CC and LUCC,we investigate the response characteristics and driving mechanisms of hydro-logical processes to these factors in the Zamu River basin.The research findings were as follows:(1)Over the period of 1980 to 2014,the annual precipitation,average temperature and runoff in the basin exhibited an up-ward trend,with increasing rates of 0.47 mm·a^(-1),0.067°C·a^(-1) and 1.43 mm·a^(-1),respectively.(2)The distri-bution of land use types in the basin displays spatial heterogeneity,with grassland,woodland,and unused land being the predominant land uses.The comprehensive land-use dynamic degree was 2.91%,and construction land has the highest single land-use dynamic degree.(3)Aside from the single effect of LUCC,the runoff of the basin decreased by 0.12 mm,while the runoff of the single effect of CC and the combined effect of CC and LUCC increased by 6.27 mm and 6.15 mm,respectively.The evapotranspiration of each scenario showed an increasing trend.CC was identified as the primary driving force for watershed runoff and evapotranspiration.Management strategies for water resources,that enhance the adaptability of the basin to CC,were critical to pro-mote the rational allocation of water resources in the upstream,midstream,and downstream of the basin,in the future.
作者
夏鸿华
杨林山
冯起
苏迎庆
李宗省
XIA Honghua;YANG Linshan;FENG Qi;SU Yingqing;LI Zongxing(Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
2024年第3期967-979,共13页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52379030,52179026)
中国科协青年人才托举工程项目(YESS20200089)
中国科学院B类先导项目(XDB0720202)
中国科学院青年创新促进会会员项目(2022435)
中国工程科技发展战略甘肃研究院咨询研究项目(GS2022ZDI03)资助。
