摘要
杂种优势利用是显著提高作物产量的主要途径,有助于解决日益增长的人口数量与有限耕地之间的矛盾。大豆作为世界上重要的粮油饲兼用作物,其开展杂种优势利用已有30余年。其中,基于细胞质雄性不育的三系法杂交育种系统是大豆杂种优势利用的主要途径。目前,已有40余个杂交大豆品种通过审定并在生产上推广应用,杂交大豆正处于由中试向产业化推进阶段。本文对大豆细胞质雄性不育遗传基础与育种应用进行了综述,系统阐述了各类型细胞质雄性不育系的发现及利用、不育性状的遗传和分子机制、育性恢复基因和恢复抑制基因的定位和克隆等方面的研究进展。基于大豆杂种优势利用研究现状论述和分析,提出了三系法杂交大豆育种中存在的问题、挑战及解决路径,并对三系法杂交大豆育种技术的创新进行了展望,旨在为大豆杂种优势分子基础和应用研究提供新方法、新思路。
Heterosis utilization is the main way to significantly improve crop yield,which helps to solve the contradiction between the increasing population and limited arable land.Soybean,which identified as an important grain,oil and feed crop in the world,the utilization of heterosis in it has been used for more than 30 years.Among them,the three-line hybrid breeding system based on cytoplasmic male sterility is the main way to utilize the heterosis in soybean.At present,more than 40 hybrid soybean varieties have been approved and popularized in production.Furthermore,hybrid soybean is in the stage of advancing from pilot to industrialization.Therefore,this paper reviewed the genetic basis and breeding application of cytoplasmic male sterility in soybean.The discovery and utilization of various cytoplasmic male sterility lines,the genetic and molecular mechanism of sterility traits,the map-based clone of restorer-of-fertility gene and inhibitor of fertility restorer genes were systematically described.Based on the description and analysis of current situation,the challenges and solutions of three-line hybrid soybean breeding were put forward,and the innovation of three-line hybrid soybean technology was prospected,aiming to provide new methods and new ideas for the molecular basic and application research of soybean heterosis.
作者
张春宝
孙妍妍
赵丽梅
ZHANG Chunbao;SUN Yanyan;ZHAO Limei(Soybean Research Institute,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Hybrid Soybean Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Changchun 130033)
出处
《植物遗传资源学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第6期857-869,共13页
Journal of Plant Genetic Resources
基金
国家自然科学基金(32372149,32101766)
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-04)
中国博士后基金面上项目(2022MD713754)
基本科研经费项目(KYJF2023JJ101)。
关键词
大豆
杂交种
细胞质雄性不育
遗传基础
分子机制
soybean
hybrid
cytoplasmic male sterility
genetic basis
molecular mechanism
