摘要
物流金融能够有效帮助小微企业解决回款慢、融资难的问题,同时也能够帮助物流企业开拓新的利润源泉。但是,物流金融业务在开展的过程中存在一定的风险,往往会对物流企业的发展产生负作用。基于层级分析法和熵权法相结合的模糊综合评价方法能够相对公正、客观地量化小微企业在开展物流金融业务过程中面临的风险。研究从银行、贷款企业(小微企业)、宏观环境等方面综合考量,构建相对完善的评价体系,帮助物流企业降低开展物流金融业务的风险。研究结果表明,相较于其它风险因素,来自物流企业自身的风险更容易导致物流金融业务产生负作用,物流企业应加强对自身的监管、保障自身操作的标准化,从而有效降低风险。
Logistics financing is a new business model that innovatively integrates modern logistics and financial services,which has developed rapidly for its ability to effectively solve the difficulty of small and micro enterprises in capital turnover and financing.In recent years,the development of the logistics financing has also helped extend the business horizon of logistics companies and banks and enhance their market competitiveness.However,since,in practice,logistics financing involves the rights and liabilities of logistics companies,loan companies,and banks,its business process is relatively complex.Therefore,logistics companies face many risks during the implementation of logistics financing services.To effectively identify,prevent and avoid these risks,it requires a sound logistics financing risk management system to achieve the sustainable development among loan companies,logistics companies,and banks,which is an urgent problem to be solved at the moment.With the popularization of logistics financing,domestic and foreign scholars have made extensive probe into measures for reducing the operational risks of the logistics financing business.From a qualitative perspective,the researches mainly find it effective to prevent logistics financing risks by cultivating compound talents,establishing information sharing platforms,and strengthening corporate logistics financing awareness,etc.;from a quantitative perspective,the main results are the establishment of risk assessment systems through statistical and entropy weight methods,etc.,so as to reduce the risks that may be encountered in the process of logistics financing.In this paper,to build such logistics financing risk assessment system,we comprehensively considered the risks likely to affect the logistics financing business,singled out five secondary risk factors,namely loan enterprises,logistics enterprises,banks,collateral,and macro-environment,and determined 30 tertiary risk indicators on this basis.Then we determined the weight of each risk indicator using AHP,objectified the weight using the entropy weight method,and finally obtained the corresponding weight of each indicator by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation.In this way,we prevented the subjective influence of expert scoring in AHP and low relevance of the indicators in entropy weighting,and at the same time obtained relatively accurate and scientific results by combining subjective and objective assessment,which could effectively help logistics companies assess the risks that they may face in the process of the logistics financing business,thereby enabling them to formulate corresponding solutions and achieve win-win for all participating entities.
作者
李志鹏
高天祥
LI Zhipeng;GAO Tianxiang(College of Mechanical&Electrical Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《物流技术》
2024年第5期38-49,共12页
Logistics Technology
关键词
物流金融
物流企业
模糊综合评价法
AHP-熵权法
风险评价
logistics financing
logistics enterprise
fuzzy comprehensive evaluation
AHP-entropy
risk evaluation
