摘要
研究蒸散发对土壤水分的时空响应特征有助于深入理解区域水文循环过程。利用2016—2020年青海湖流域蒸散量和土壤含水量遥感数据,借助ArcGIS空间分析和数理统计方法研究了青海湖流域蒸散发和土壤水分在8 d、月和年尺度的变化特点及两者的对应关系,揭示了青海湖流域蒸散发对土壤水分的时空响应特征。结果显示:(1)2016—2020年,青海湖流域平均蒸散量和土壤含水量分别为494.45 mm和0.34 m^(3)·m^(-3),8 d、月和年尺度蒸散量总体呈先增大后减小的特点,土壤含水量分别呈增大—减小—增大—减小、增大—平稳—减小和较稳定的特点。(2)空间上,各时间尺度青海湖流域平均蒸散量总体呈流域东北向西南方向减小的特点,平均土壤含水量总体由湖滨向流域四周递增、由河谷向两侧递增。(3)时间协同性上,青海湖流域蒸散量和土壤含水量在第1~185天(1—6月)和第241~365天(9—12月)强于第185~241天(7—8月),非生长季强于生长季,2016—2018年强于2018—2020年;空间协同性上,流域东北部的沙柳河和哈尔盖河流域及湖东岸强于其他地区。(4)8 d、月、非生长季和生长季尺度,青海湖流域蒸散量与土壤含水量的平均相关系数分别为0.61、0.69、0.36和0.24,两者以显著正相关关系为主,说明青海湖流域蒸散量对土壤含水量的时间响应在月尺度和8 d尺度较强,不同时间阶段流域蒸散量均随土壤含水量的增加而增大。本研究结果可为深入认识青海湖流域水文循环过程、水量平衡及水资源管理提供理论参考。
Studying the spatial and temporal response characteristics of evapotranspiration to soil water content aids in comprehending regional hydrological cycle processes.The 8-day,monthly,and annual variation characteristics and corresponding relationship between evapotranspiration and soil water content in Qinghai Lake Basin were investigated from 2016 to 2020 by remote sensing data and spatial analysis,mathematical and statistical methods of ArcGIS,which would reveal the spatial and temporal response.The results indicated that:(1)From 2016 to 2020,the average evapotranspiration and soil water content in the Qinghai Lake Basin were 494.45 mm and 0.34 m^(3)·m^(-3),respectively.The 8-day,monthly,and annual evapotranspiration showed an increasing-then-decreasing trend,while the soil water content showed the increasing-decreasing-increasing-decreasing,increase-steady-decrease and comparable stable characteristics.(2)The average evapotranspiration across all time scales generally decreased from the northeast to the southwest of Qinghai Lake Basin.Additionally,the average soil water content increased from the lakeshore to the perimeter of the watershed and from the valley to the sides.(3)There is a temporal synergism between evapotranspiration and soil water content during the 1st-185th days(January-June)and the 241st-365th days(September-December),which is stronger than that during the 185th-241th days(July-August).This synergism during the non-growing season is also stronger than the growing season,and stronger in 2016-2018 than in 2018-2020.Additionally,spatial synergies were found to be stronger in the northeast of Shaliu River Basin and Haergai River Basin and the eastern shore of Qinghai Lake than in other areas.(4)The correlation coefficients between evapotranspiration and soil water content were calculated at different temporal scales.The coefficients were 0.61,0.69,0.36 and 0.24 for the 8-day,monthly,non-growing season and growing season scales,respectively.The spatial result showed significant positive correlations,indicating that the temporal response of evapotranspiration to soil water content was stronger at the monthly and 8-day scales.In addition,the results showed that evapotranspiration increased with the increase of soil water content in different time.The results of this study can provide theoretical reference for understanding the hydrological cycle process,water balance and water resources management in Qinghai Lake Basin.
作者
陈链璇
曹生奎
曹广超
雷义珍
赵浩然
李文斌
Lianxuan Chen;Shengkui Cao;Guangchao Cao;Yizhen Lei;Haoran Zhao;Wenbin Li(School of Geographical Sciences/Qinghai Province Key Laboratory of Physical Geography and Environment Process/Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Land Surface Processes and Ecological Conservation,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China;Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability,People's Government of Qinghai Province&Beijing Normal University,Xining 810008,China)
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期202-212,共11页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(42061008)。
关键词
蒸散发
土壤水分
时空响应特征
青海湖流域
evapotranspiration
soil water content
temporal and spatial response characteristics
Qinghai Lake Basin
