摘要
为研究飞机暖云焰剂催化后云系发生的物理响应,利用汕尾市双偏振雷达观测量及反演的云微物理特征参量,结合大气环境场探测数据,对2020年8月30日在广东省汕尾市北部区域实施的催化过程进行了分析,结果显示:这次过程是盛夏季节副高边缘的一次以暖云降水为主的对流性降水过程,天气尺度系统强迫较弱,大气层结不稳定,但水汽不充沛。在积云发展的暖云阶段引入吸湿性催化剂,16 min之后,暖云云系体积开始增加,差分反射率因子、差分相移率、雨水含量及降水强度的平均值都有明显增长,雨滴尺度增大、浓度明显增加,雨滴质量平均直径(D_(m))和表征雨滴数浓度的标准化参数(lgNW)增长幅度分别达到10.3%和39.5%,云系维持了大约1.5 h。吸湿性核先在催化层附近吸收水汽增长为数量众多的小云滴,与自然对流发展伴随的上升气流加强相互叠加,增强了云滴的碰并过程。众多小雨滴被上升气流带入0℃层之上使过冷雨滴短暂增多,促进了霰粒子的生成。
In order to study the physical response of the cloud system and precipitation development to aircraft warm cloud seeding,based on the Gamma raindrop spectral parameter inversion scheme of dual-polarization radar in Shanwei City and atmospheric environmental field detection data,the warm cloud catalytic process that was implemented in the northern area of Shanwei City,Guangdong Province on August 30,2020 is analyzed.The results indicate that this process was a convective precipitation process dominated by warm cloud precipitation at the edge of subtropical high in midsummer,characterized by weak synoptic-scale system forcing,unstable atmospheric stratification and insufficient water vapor.In the warm cloud stage of cumulus cloud development,the hygroscopic catalyst was introduced.After 16 min,the volume of warm cloud system began to enlarge,the average values of Z DR,K DP,rainwater content and precipitation intensity all grew obviously.Moreover,the sizes and concentrations of drop particles increased significantly.The average mass diameter(D_(m))and the standardized parameter that represented the raindrop number concentration(lg N W)increased by 10.3%and 39.5%,respectively,and the cloud system lasted for 1.5 hours.The hygroscopic cores first absorbed water vapor near the catalytic layer and grew into a large number of small cloud droplets,which were superimposed with the enhanced upward airflow accompanied by developing natural convection,enhancing the collision and merging process of cloud droplets.Many small raindrops were brought over the top of 0℃layer by the updraft,which made the super cooled raindrops increase temporarily leading to the generation of graupel particles.
作者
高建秋
肖辉
姚展予
陈昌
何松蔚
李铸杰
Gao Jianqiu;Xiao Hui;Yao Zhanyu;Chen Chang;He Songwei;Li Zhujie(Guangdong Weather Modification Center,Guangzhou 510641,China;CMA Cloud-Precipitation Physics and Weather Modification Key Laboratory,Beijing 100081,China;Guangzhou Institute of Tropical Marine Meteorology,CMA,Guangzhou 510641,China;CMA Weather Modification Center,Beijing 100081,China)
出处
《气象与环境科学》
2024年第3期82-92,共11页
Meteorological and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41975138)
中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室开放课题(2017Z016)
中国气象局创新发展专项(CXFZ2024J062)。
关键词
飞机作业
暖云催化响应
双偏振雷达
微物理特征
aircraft operations
response of warm cloud catalytic
dual-polarization radar
microphysical characteristics
